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Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Latif M; Husain MI; Gul M; Naz S; Irfan M; Aslam M; Awan F; Sharif A; Rathod S; Farooq S; Ayub M; Naeem F · Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy · 2021 · Randomized controlled trial

Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication

Recorded summary

The guided self-help trial supported feasibility and acceptability, with improvements in secondary PTSD, depression, anxiety and functioning measures.

Recorded limitations

Small feasibility trial with a waitlist control; secondary symptom findings require a larger confirmatory trial. Masking and effect-size confidence intervals were not established from the abstract.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Randomized controlled trial
assessment
category
rct
is Randomized Controlled Trial
true
basis
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
sources

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

review Scope
abstract
trust Factor
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
2
randomized Controlled Trial
true
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-confirmed
basis
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
sources

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

review Scope
abstract
human Approval
false
display Crosses
2
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Randomized controlled trial
intervention
Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help. Nine sessions over 12 weeks.
comparator
Waitlist.
sample
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
measurement
Feasibility and acceptability; PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
timing
12 weeks
trial Id
relationship Note
Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope. See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Feasibility and acceptability
    follow Up
    12 weeks
    result
    23 of 25 intervention participants attended more than six sessions.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
    primary Status
    Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
  2. name
    PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
    follow Up
    12 weeks
    result
    Secondary measures favored intervention; effect estimates unavailable in accessed abstract.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
    primary Status
    Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
quality
risk Of Bias
Provisional appraisal; see limitations, attrition and masking. No formal risk-of-bias score assigned.
attrition
92% of intervention participants attended more than six sessions; outcome follow-up attrition not established.
confounding
Random allocation addresses baseline confounding if implemented; allocation concealment and analysis details remain source-dependent.
adverse Findings
Adverse-event reporting not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm.
transfer Limits
Generalizability is limited to the stated population, setting and comparator.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
population
relation
direct
population
Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
exposure Evidence
Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
rationale
Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope.
transfer Limit
See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
dv-adult-therapy-32993831
doi
10.1017/s1352465820000685
pmid
32993831
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
publication Approval
status
approved-for-publication
approved By
Ben Korbel
approved At
2026-11-01
assessment
AI assessed; human approved for publication
scope
Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
source Revision
audit-r2-b41403dc1e55
source Content Hash
b41403dc1e553a62402efcc465cd3df8017aca4291aef8f8206e3e9602572849
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
editorial Audit
auditor
Codex (AI)
completed At
2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
prior Content Hash
6ef58bf8d4bb561bc4355f84ed5bc6daa9826c8b5a41fcd13b6f6159455d8c29
prior Revision
r1-6ef58bf8d4bb
prior Source
frozen-120
source Verification
id
dv-adult-therapy-32993831
doi
10.1017/s1352465820000685
pmid
32993831
fresh Metadata
Europe PMC core
metadata Retrieved
true
metadata SHA256
3cd759f0b06049d3038b781eeb795e6c704b35395edce7e18ca7d96cdbe2995c
claim Check
Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
sources

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

applied Proposals
None recorded
method
AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
limitations

Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

study Family Id
CatCBT-Karachi-50-2021
family Linkage Uncertain
false
approaches
None recorded
id
dv-adult-therapy-32993831
aliases
None recorded
title
Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial.
journal
Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2021
authors
Latif M; Husain MI; Gul M; Naz S; Irfan M; Aslam M; Awan F; Sharif A; Rathod S; Farooq S; Ayub M; Naeem F
design
Randomized controlled trial
kind
Journal article
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.1017/s1352465820000685
pmid
32993831
urls

https://doi.org/10.1017/s1352465820000685 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32993831/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

collections

language

categories

Clinical & self-report

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
The guided self-help trial supported feasibility and acceptability, with improvements in secondary PTSD, depression, anxiety and functioning measures.
limitation
Small feasibility trial with a waitlist control; secondary symptom findings require a larger confirmatory trial. Masking and effect-size confidence intervals were not established from the abstract.
citation Count
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
study Design Assessment
category
rct
is Randomized Controlled Trial
true
basis
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
sources

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

review Scope
abstract
paper Trust Assessment
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
2
randomized Controlled Trial
true
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-confirmed
basis
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
sources

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

review Scope
abstract
human Approval
false
display Crosses
2
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
journal Key
behaviouralandcognitivepsychotherapy
journal Label
Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
chapter Entries
  1. id
    language-dv-dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial.
    authors
    Latif M; Husain MI; Gul M; Naz S; Irfan M; Aslam M; Awan F; Sharif A; Rathod S; Farooq S; Ayub M; Naeem F
    year
    2021
    journal
    Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
    doi
    10.1017/s1352465820000685
    pmid
    32993831
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.1017/s1352465820000685 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32993831/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    collections

    language

    categories

    Clinical & self-report

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions

    anxiety · ptsd · depression

    condition Evidence
    1. id
      anxiety
      evidence
      1. field
        outcomes
        text
        Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
        matched Text
        anxiety
      scope
      Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
    2. id
      ptsd
      evidence
      1. field
        population
        text
        Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
        matched Text
        PTSD
      2. field
        outcomes
        text
        Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
        matched Text
        PTSD
      scope
      Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
    3. id
      depression
      evidence
      1. field
        outcomes
        text
        Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
        matched Text
        depression
      scope
      Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
    age Groups

    not-specified

    age Population
    record Id
    dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    collections

    language

    groups

    not-specified

    reported Ages
    Not established from accessed source.
    youth Scope
    Not recorded
    youth Source Note
    Not recorded
    source URL
    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core
    basis Type
    source-limited-ai-editorial-assessment
    classification Note
    Original age terms: not-specified. Programme targets or possible eligibility are not counted as observed ages.
    community Matches
    1. category Id
      domestic-violence
      relation
      direct
    kind
    Journal article
    design
    Randomized controlled trial
    origin
    approved-dv-20261101
    priority
    1
    quotes
    None recorded
    finding
    The guided self-help trial supported feasibility and acceptability, with improvements in secondary PTSD, depression, anxiety and functioning measures.
    summary
    The guided self-help trial supported feasibility and acceptability, with improvements in secondary PTSD, depression, anxiety and functioning measures.
    limitation
    Small feasibility trial with a waitlist control; secondary symptom findings require a larger confirmatory trial. Masking and effect-size confidence intervals were not established from the abstract.
    evidence
    evidence Type
    Randomized controlled trial
    intervention
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help. Nine sessions over 12 weeks.
    comparator
    Waitlist.
    sample
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    measurement
    Feasibility and acceptability; PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
    timing
    12 weeks
    trial Id
    relationship Note
    Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope. See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
    measured Genes
    None recorded
    pathways
    None recorded
    source Access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
    outcomes
    1. name
      Feasibility and acceptability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      23 of 25 intervention participants attended more than six sessions.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    2. name
      PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      Secondary measures favored intervention; effect estimates unavailable in accessed abstract.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Provisional appraisal; see limitations, attrition and masking. No formal risk-of-bias score assigned.
    attrition
    92% of intervention participants attended more than six sessions; outcome follow-up attrition not established.
    confounding
    Random allocation addresses baseline confounding if implemented; allocation concealment and analysis details remain source-dependent.
    adverse Findings
    Adverse-event reporting not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm.
    transfer Limits
    Generalizability is limited to the stated population, setting and comparator.
    jadad
    not established
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    exposure Evidence
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    rationale
    Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope.
    transfer Limit
    See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
    study Design Assessment
    category
    rct
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    basis
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    review Scope
    abstract
    paper Trust Assessment
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    score
    2
    randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    basis
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    review Scope
    abstract
    human Approval
    false
    display Crosses
    2
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    rating Scale
    library-trust-factor/1-3
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    citation Count
    Not recorded
    publication Approval
    status
    approved-for-publication
    approved By
    Ben Korbel
    approved At
    2026-11-01
    assessment
    AI assessed; human approved for publication
    scope
    Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
    source Revision
    audit-r2-b41403dc1e55
    source Content Hash
    b41403dc1e553a62402efcc465cd3df8017aca4291aef8f8206e3e9602572849
    source Access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
    study Family Id
    CatCBT-Karachi-50-2021
    family Linkage Uncertain
    false
    approaches
    None recorded
    record Id
    dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    source Pages
    None recorded
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
    2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
    prior Content Hash
    6ef58bf8d4bb561bc4355f84ed5bc6daa9826c8b5a41fcd13b6f6159455d8c29
    prior Revision
    r1-6ef58bf8d4bb
    prior Source
    frozen-120
    source Verification
    id
    dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    doi
    10.1017/s1352465820000685
    pmid
    32993831
    fresh Metadata
    Europe PMC core
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    3cd759f0b06049d3038b781eeb795e6c704b35395edce7e18ca7d96cdbe2995c
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    applied Proposals
    None recorded
    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    assessment Record
    id
    dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    title
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial.
    authors

    Latif M · Husain MI · Gul M · Naz S · Irfan M · Aslam M · Awan F · Sharif A · Rathod S · Farooq S · Ayub M · Naeem F

    year
    2021
    journal
    Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
    doi
    10.1017/s1352465820000685
    pmid
    32993831
    trial Registration
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    intervention Family
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help.
    publication Type
    Primary intervention study
    study Family Id
    CatCBT-Karachi-50-2021
    family Linkage Uncertain
    false
    existing Repository Matches
    None recorded
    relevance
    relation
    direct
    population
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    exposure Evidence
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    rationale
    Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope.
    transfer Limit
    See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
    age
    groups

    not-specified

    reported Range
    Not established from accessed source.
    youth Scope
    Not recorded
    country
    Pakistan
    setting
    Karachi shelter homes.
    sample Size
    randomized
    50
    analyzed
    Not recorded
    description
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    intervention
    description
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help.
    dose
    Nine sessions over 12 weeks.
    provider
    Not established from accessed source.
    comparator
    Waitlist.
    outcomes
    1. name
      Feasibility and acceptability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      23 of 25 intervention participants attended more than six sessions.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    2. name
      PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      Secondary measures favored intervention; effect estimates unavailable in accessed abstract.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    finding
    The guided self-help trial supported feasibility and acceptability, with improvements in secondary PTSD, depression, anxiety and functioning measures.
    limitation
    Small feasibility trial with a waitlist control; secondary symptom findings require a larger confirmatory trial. Masking and effect-size confidence intervals were not established from the abstract.
    design
    type
    Randomized controlled trial
    randomization Evidence
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    masking
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    crosses
    1
    cross Rationale
    One cross: random allocation explicitly described; double-blinded treatment not established.
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Provisional appraisal; see limitations, attrition and masking. No formal risk-of-bias score assigned.
    attrition
    92% of intervention participants attended more than six sessions; outcome follow-up attrition not established.
    confounding
    Random allocation addresses baseline confounding if implemented; allocation concealment and analysis details remain source-dependent.
    adverse Findings
    Adverse-event reporting not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm.
    transfer Limits
    Generalizability is limited to the stated population, setting and comparator.
    jadad
    not established
    access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
    sources
    1. url
      https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core
      type
      Europe PMC core record sourced from PubMed/MEDLINE
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
      identity Verified
      true
      notes
      Primary-publication abstract and bibliographic metadata accessed; canonical PubMed record: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32993831/
      retrieval Query URL
      https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=TITLE_ABS%3A%28%22intimate+partner+violence%22+OR+%22domestic+violence%22+OR+%22battered+women%22%29+AND+TITLE_ABS%3A%28randomized+OR+randomised%29+AND+TITLE_ABS%3A%28therapy+OR+psychological+OR+psychotherapy+OR+cognitive+OR+counseling+OR+counselling+OR+%22motivational+interviewing%22%29&format=json&resultType=core&pageSize=1000
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      2026-10-30T07:19:58.316940+00:00
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      DOI identity cross-check; metadata title: Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial. Correction/update relations checked.
    publication Status
    status
    ppublish
    correction Retraction Check
    europe PMCpub Types

    Randomized Controlled Trial · Journal Article

    crossref Update Relations
    None recorded
    crossref Relations
    crossref Checked
    true
    uncertainty
    No comprehensive publisher/Crossmark or registry audit claimed; correction/retraction absence is limited to accessed metadata.
    recommendation Rationale
    Retain as pending candidate evidence; interpret the study design, null outcomes and access limits together.
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    status
    pending
    reviewer
    Not recorded
    assessment Status
    assessed
    assessment Notes

    Bibliographic identity and abstract-level evidence extracted; full-text appraisal remains limited unless explicitly stated. · Study-family label is retained separately from publication identity; this does not prove independence from every unpublished or secondary report.

    review Ready
    true
    review Readiness
    ai-editorial-audit-complete-release-pending
    research Lane
    adult-therapy
    publication Recommendation
    status
    recommended-summary
    reason
    Suitable as a qualified research-library summary at the stated source-access level. This is not a conclusion that the intervention is effective or safe.
    scope
    Research summary only; no treatment recommendation
    human Release Approval
    false
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
    2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
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    frozen-120
    source Verification
    id
    dv-adult-therapy-32993831
    doi
    10.1017/s1352465820000685
    pmid
    32993831
    fresh Metadata
    Europe PMC core
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    3cd759f0b06049d3038b781eeb795e6c704b35395edce7e18ca7d96cdbe2995c
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    applied Proposals
    None recorded
    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    study Design Assessment
    category
    rct
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    basis
    50 participants randomized to equal groups.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    review Scope
    abstract
    paper Trust Assessment
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    score
    2
    randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    basis
    One cross: random allocation explicitly described; double-blinded treatment not established.
    sources

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    review Scope
    abstract
    human Approval
    false
    display Crosses
    1
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    evidence
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    exposure Evidence
    Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
    rationale
    Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope.
    transfer Limit
    See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
    intervention
    description
    Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help.
    dose
    Nine sessions over 12 weeks.
    provider
    Not established from accessed source.
    comparator
    Waitlist.
    outcomes
    1. name
      Feasibility and acceptability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      23 of 25 intervention participants attended more than six sessions.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    2. name
      PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      follow Up
      12 weeks
      result
      Secondary measures favored intervention; effect estimates unavailable in accessed abstract.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
      primary Status
      Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
    access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    provenance
    Discovered by AI
    content Hash
    b41403dc1e553a62402efcc465cd3df8017aca4291aef8f8206e3e9602572849
    revision
    audit-r2-b41403dc1e55
    archive Entries
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    5
    topic Id
    domestic-family-violence
    topic Title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    trust Score
    2
evidence
evidence Type
Randomized controlled trial
intervention
Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT guided self-help. Nine sessions over 12 weeks.
comparator
Waitlist.
sample
50 participants randomized to equal groups.
measurement
Feasibility and acceptability; PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
timing
12 weeks
trial Id
relationship Note
Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope. See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:32993831%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1017%2Fs1352465820000685

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:15:55.705516+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Feasibility and acceptability
    follow Up
    12 weeks
    result
    23 of 25 intervention participants attended more than six sessions.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
    primary Status
    Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
  2. name
    PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
    follow Up
    12 weeks
    result
    Secondary measures favored intervention; effect estimates unavailable in accessed abstract.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Confidence interval included when stated; otherwise not established from accessed source.
    primary Status
    Primary versus secondary status not fully established; see finding for explicitly identified secondary outcomes.
quality
risk Of Bias
Provisional appraisal; see limitations, attrition and masking. No formal risk-of-bias score assigned.
attrition
92% of intervention participants attended more than six sessions; outcome follow-up attrition not established.
confounding
Random allocation addresses baseline confounding if implemented; allocation concealment and analysis details remain source-dependent.
adverse Findings
Adverse-event reporting not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm.
transfer Limits
Generalizability is limited to the stated population, setting and comparator.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
population
relation
direct
population
Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
exposure Evidence
Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
rationale
Explicit domestic/intimate-partner violence exposure in the studied population; psychological intervention is within Language scope.
transfer Limit
See limitation and quality fields; no population-wide clinical recommendation is implied.
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
  1. id
    anxiety
    evidence
    1. field
      outcomes
      text
      Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      matched Text
      anxiety
    scope
    Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
  2. id
    ptsd
    evidence
    1. field
      population
      text
      Women in shelters with domestic-violence exposure and PTSD.
      matched Text
      PTSD
    2. field
      outcomes
      text
      Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      matched Text
      PTSD
    scope
    Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
  3. id
    depression
    evidence
    1. field
      outcomes
      text
      Feasibility and acceptability | PTSD, anxiety, depression, disability
      matched Text
      depression
    scope
    Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
conditions

anxiety · ptsd · depression

topic Trust Scores

2

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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