Universal Informatics · Research reading room

The effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy for victims of interparental violence.

Timmer SG; Ware LM; Urquiza AJ; Zebell NM · Violence and victims · 2010 · Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort

Original publication · Original publication · Original publication

Recorded summary

Child behavior problems and caregivers’ psychological distress decreased during PCIT in both exposure groups. The separate parental-distress measure did not significantly decrease. Improvement did not differ significantly by IPV exposure.

Recorded limitations

Both groups received PCIT and there was no randomized treatment or untreated comparison. Changes cannot be attributed causally to PCIT; psychological distress and parental distress are distinct measures.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
assessment
category
nonrandomized-or-unestablished
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
basis
No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

review Scope
abstract
trust Factor
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
1
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
basis
No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

review Scope
abstract
human Approval
false
display Crosses
1
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
intervention
Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) Not established from accessed source.
comparator
67 similarly maltreated children without reported IPV exposure; all received PCIT.
sample
Analyzed/interviewed: 129.
measurement
Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress; Parental distress (separate measure)
timing
Treatment period
trial Id
relationship Note
Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress
    follow Up
    Treatment period
    result
    Pre/post improvement in both IPV-exposed and nonexposed groups; no significant exposure-group difference.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    No untreated comparison; effects cannot establish treatment causality.
    primary Status
    Not established from accessed abstract.
  2. name
    Parental distress (separate measure)
    follow Up
    Treatment period
    result
    No significant decrease.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Do not conflate this measure with caregiver psychological distress.
    primary Status
    Not established from accessed abstract.
quality
risk Of Bias
Nonrandomized exposure groups; all received PCIT. No untreated comparison and incomplete source access limit causal interpretation.
attrition
Not established from accessed source.
confounding
Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
adverse Findings
Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
transfer Limits
Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
population
relation
direct
population
62 IPV-exposed maltreated children compared with 67 maltreated children without IPV exposure.
exposure Evidence
Study explicitly distinguishes IPV-exposed children.
rationale
Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
transfer Limit
Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
dv-children-20712147
doi
10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
pmid
20712147
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
publication Approval
status
approved-for-publication
approved By
Ben Korbel
approved At
2026-11-01
assessment
AI assessed; human approved for publication
scope
Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
source Revision
audit-r2-b3a58f9239ff
source Content Hash
b3a58f9239ff19eda057fdba270a6113dccfd4827b860576adab489cf2b8a784
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
editorial Audit
auditor
Codex (AI)
completed At
2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
prior Content Hash
2017f5c96d83706b4f5b3a59651d4eaeb5ad0bd22598a6943e3f8430e2d0e16a
prior Revision
r1-2017f5c96d83
prior Source
frozen-120
source Verification
id
dv-children-20712147
doi
10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
pmid
20712147
fresh Metadata
Europe PMC core
metadata Retrieved
true
metadata SHA256
9a45b5ab95a984f9ab970810a81298a7a2b43bd399c939fd745681454c1c1513
claim Check
Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

applied Proposals

audit-policy.json: explicit adjudicated amendment

method
AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
limitations

Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

study Family Id
pcit-timmer-2010-n129
family Linkage Uncertain
false
approaches
None recorded
id
dv-children-20712147
aliases
None recorded
title
The effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy for victims of interparental violence.
journal
Violence and victims
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2010
authors
Timmer SG; Ware LM; Urquiza AJ; Zebell NM
design
Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
kind
Journal article
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
pmid
20712147
urls

https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

collections

language

categories

Clinical & self-report

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
Child behavior problems and caregivers’ psychological distress decreased during PCIT in both exposure groups. The separate parental-distress measure did not significantly decrease. Improvement did not differ significantly by IPV exposure.
limitation
Both groups received PCIT and there was no randomized treatment or untreated comparison. Changes cannot be attributed causally to PCIT; psychological distress and parental distress are distinct measures.
citation Count
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
study Design Assessment
category
nonrandomized-or-unestablished
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
basis
No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

review Scope
abstract
paper Trust Assessment
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
1
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
basis
No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

review Scope
abstract
human Approval
false
display Crosses
1
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
journal Key
violenceandvictims
journal Label
Violence and victims
chapter Entries
  1. id
    language-dv-dv-children-20712147
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    The effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy for victims of interparental violence.
    authors
    Timmer SG; Ware LM; Urquiza AJ; Zebell NM
    year
    2010
    journal
    Violence and victims
    doi
    10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
    pmid
    20712147
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    collections

    language

    categories

    Clinical & self-report

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions
    None recorded
    condition Evidence
    None recorded
    age Groups

    children

    age Population
    record Id
    dv-children-20712147
    collections

    language

    groups

    children

    reported Ages
    2–7 years
    youth Scope
    Not recorded
    youth Source Note
    focus
    source URL
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/
    basis Type
    source-limited-ai-editorial-assessment
    classification Note
    Original age terms: children. Programme targets or possible eligibility are not counted as observed ages.
    community Matches
    1. category Id
      domestic-violence
      relation
      direct
    kind
    Journal article
    design
    Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
    origin
    approved-dv-20261101
    priority
    1
    quotes
    None recorded
    finding
    Child behavior problems and caregivers’ psychological distress decreased during PCIT in both exposure groups. The separate parental-distress measure did not significantly decrease. Improvement did not differ significantly by IPV exposure.
    summary
    Child behavior problems and caregivers’ psychological distress decreased during PCIT in both exposure groups. The separate parental-distress measure did not significantly decrease. Improvement did not differ significantly by IPV exposure.
    limitation
    Both groups received PCIT and there was no randomized treatment or untreated comparison. Changes cannot be attributed causally to PCIT; psychological distress and parental distress are distinct measures.
    evidence
    evidence Type
    Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
    intervention
    Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) Not established from accessed source.
    comparator
    67 similarly maltreated children without reported IPV exposure; all received PCIT.
    sample
    Analyzed/interviewed: 129.
    measurement
    Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress; Parental distress (separate measure)
    timing
    Treatment period
    trial Id
    relationship Note
    Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
    measured Genes
    None recorded
    pathways
    None recorded
    source Access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
    outcomes
    1. name
      Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      Pre/post improvement in both IPV-exposed and nonexposed groups; no significant exposure-group difference.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      No untreated comparison; effects cannot establish treatment causality.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    2. name
      Parental distress (separate measure)
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      No significant decrease.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Do not conflate this measure with caregiver psychological distress.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Nonrandomized exposure groups; all received PCIT. No untreated comparison and incomplete source access limit causal interpretation.
    attrition
    Not established from accessed source.
    confounding
    Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
    adverse Findings
    Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
    transfer Limits
    Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
    jadad
    not established
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    62 IPV-exposed maltreated children compared with 67 maltreated children without IPV exposure.
    exposure Evidence
    Study explicitly distinguishes IPV-exposed children.
    rationale
    Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
    transfer Limit
    Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
    study Design Assessment
    category
    nonrandomized-or-unestablished
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    basis
    No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    review Scope
    abstract
    paper Trust Assessment
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    score
    1
    randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-applicable
    basis
    No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    review Scope
    abstract
    human Approval
    false
    display Crosses
    1
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    rating Scale
    library-trust-factor/1-3
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    citation Count
    Not recorded
    publication Approval
    status
    approved-for-publication
    approved By
    Ben Korbel
    approved At
    2026-11-01
    assessment
    AI assessed; human approved for publication
    scope
    Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
    source Revision
    audit-r2-b3a58f9239ff
    source Content Hash
    b3a58f9239ff19eda057fdba270a6113dccfd4827b860576adab489cf2b8a784
    source Access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
    study Family Id
    pcit-timmer-2010-n129
    family Linkage Uncertain
    false
    approaches
    None recorded
    record Id
    dv-children-20712147
    source Pages
    None recorded
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
    2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
    prior Content Hash
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    prior Revision
    r1-2017f5c96d83
    prior Source
    frozen-120
    source Verification
    id
    dv-children-20712147
    doi
    10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
    pmid
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    fresh Metadata
    Europe PMC core
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    9a45b5ab95a984f9ab970810a81298a7a2b43bd399c939fd745681454c1c1513
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    applied Proposals

    audit-policy.json: explicit adjudicated amendment

    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    assessment Record
    id
    dv-children-20712147
    title
    The effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy for victims of interparental violence.
    authors

    Timmer SG · Ware LM · Urquiza AJ · Zebell NM

    year
    2010
    journal
    Violence and victims
    doi
    10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
    pmid
    20712147
    trial Registration
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    intervention Family
    Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT)
    publication Type
    Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
    study Family Id
    pcit-timmer-2010-n129
    family Linkage Uncertain
    false
    linked Publication PMIDs
    None recorded
    existing Repository Matches
    None recorded
    relevance
    relation
    direct
    population
    62 IPV-exposed maltreated children compared with 67 maltreated children without IPV exposure.
    exposure Evidence
    Study explicitly distinguishes IPV-exposed children.
    rationale
    Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
    transfer Limit
    Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
    age
    groups

    children

    reported Range
    2–7 years
    youth Scope
    focus
    country
    Not established from accessed source.
    setting
    Clinic-referred families.
    sample Size
    randomized
    Not recorded
    analyzed
    129
    description
    Analyzed/interviewed: 129.
    intervention
    description
    Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT)
    dose
    Not established from accessed source.
    provider
    Not established from accessed source.
    comparator
    67 similarly maltreated children without reported IPV exposure; all received PCIT.
    outcomes
    1. name
      Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      Pre/post improvement in both IPV-exposed and nonexposed groups; no significant exposure-group difference.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      No untreated comparison; effects cannot establish treatment causality.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    2. name
      Parental distress (separate measure)
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      No significant decrease.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Do not conflate this measure with caregiver psychological distress.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    finding
    Child behavior problems and caregivers’ psychological distress decreased during PCIT in both exposure groups. The separate parental-distress measure did not significantly decrease. Improvement did not differ significantly by IPV exposure.
    limitation
    Both groups received PCIT and there was no randomized treatment or untreated comparison. Changes cannot be attributed causally to PCIT; psychological distress and parental distress are distinct measures.
    design
    type
    Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
    randomization Evidence
    No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
    masking
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    crosses
    0
    cross Rationale
    No verified randomized comparative treatment-effect claim for this report; no trial cross assigned.
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Nonrandomized exposure groups; all received PCIT. No untreated comparison and incomplete source access limit causal interpretation.
    attrition
    Not established from accessed source.
    confounding
    Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
    adverse Findings
    Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
    transfer Limits
    Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
    jadad
    not established
    access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
    sources
    1. url
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/
      type
      PubMed XML bibliographic/abstract record
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
      identity Verified
      true
      notes
      Title and PMID matched between Europe PMC core metadata and PubMed XML; DOI, authors and journal metadata retained.
    2. url
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      type
      Europe PMC core bibliographic/abstract record
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
      identity Verified
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      notes
      Title and PMID matched between Europe PMC core metadata and PubMed XML; DOI, authors and journal metadata retained.
    publication Status
    status
    Published journal report; no retraction/erratum relationship flagged in retrieved PubMed record.
    correction Retraction Check
    method
    Inspected PubMed publication types and CommentsCorrections relationships plus Europe PMC metadata.
    relationships
    None recorded
    checked At
    2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
    uncertainty
    Index metadata can lag; publisher Crossmark and trial-register reconciliation are not comprehensively verified.
    recommendation Rationale
    Adds explicitly limited child/family evidence on outcomes, mechanisms or acceptability; consider as a new candidate after human review.
    review
    status
    pending
    reviewer
    Not recorded
    assessment Status
    assessed
    assessment Notes
    Source-supported assessment with visible access limits; not a completed human approval or formal risk-of-bias instrument. This report does not represent an additional independent study when its family ID is shared.
    research Lane
    children
    review Ready
    true
    review Readiness
    ai-editorial-audit-complete-release-pending
    publication Recommendation
    status
    recommended-summary
    reason
    Suitable as a qualified research-library summary at the stated source-access level. This is not a conclusion that the intervention is effective or safe.
    scope
    Research summary only; no treatment recommendation
    human Release Approval
    false
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
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    frozen-120
    source Verification
    id
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    doi
    10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.486
    pmid
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    fresh Metadata
    Europe PMC core
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    9a45b5ab95a984f9ab970810a81298a7a2b43bd399c939fd745681454c1c1513
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    applied Proposals

    audit-policy.json: explicit adjudicated amendment

    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    study Design Assessment
    category
    nonrandomized-or-unestablished
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    basis
    No random allocation established; groups differ by IPV-exposure history.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    review Scope
    abstract
    paper Trust Assessment
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    score
    1
    randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-applicable
    basis
    No verified randomized comparative treatment-effect claim for this report; no trial cross assigned.
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    review Scope
    abstract
    human Approval
    false
    display Crosses
    0
    masking Roles
    participants
    Not established from accessed source.
    providers
    Not established from accessed source.
    assessors
    Not established from accessed source.
    analysts
    Not established from accessed source.
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    evidence
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    62 IPV-exposed maltreated children compared with 67 maltreated children without IPV exposure.
    exposure Evidence
    Study explicitly distinguishes IPV-exposed children.
    rationale
    Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
    transfer Limit
    Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
    intervention
    description
    Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT)
    dose
    Not established from accessed source.
    provider
    Not established from accessed source.
    comparator
    67 similarly maltreated children without reported IPV exposure; all received PCIT.
    outcomes
    1. name
      Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      Pre/post improvement in both IPV-exposed and nonexposed groups; no significant exposure-group difference.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      No untreated comparison; effects cannot establish treatment causality.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    2. name
      Parental distress (separate measure)
      follow Up
      Treatment period
      result
      No significant decrease.
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Do not conflate this measure with caregiver psychological distress.
      primary Status
      Not established from accessed abstract.
    access
    level
    abstract
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    provenance
    Discovered by AI
    content Hash
    b3a58f9239ff19eda057fdba270a6113dccfd4827b860576adab489cf2b8a784
    revision
    audit-r2-b3a58f9239ff
    archive Entries
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    5
    topic Id
    domestic-family-violence
    topic Title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    trust Score
    2
evidence
evidence Type
Nonrandomized comparative treatment cohort
intervention
Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) Not established from accessed source.
comparator
67 similarly maltreated children without reported IPV exposure; all received PCIT.
sample
Analyzed/interviewed: 129.
measurement
Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress; Parental distress (separate measure)
timing
Treatment period
trial Id
relationship Note
Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
abstract
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712147/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20712147

retrieved At
2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Child behavior problems and caregiver psychological distress
    follow Up
    Treatment period
    result
    Pre/post improvement in both IPV-exposed and nonexposed groups; no significant exposure-group difference.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    No untreated comparison; effects cannot establish treatment causality.
    primary Status
    Not established from accessed abstract.
  2. name
    Parental distress (separate measure)
    follow Up
    Treatment period
    result
    No significant decrease.
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Do not conflate this measure with caregiver psychological distress.
    primary Status
    Not established from accessed abstract.
quality
risk Of Bias
Nonrandomized exposure groups; all received PCIT. No untreated comparison and incomplete source access limit causal interpretation.
attrition
Not established from accessed source.
confounding
Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
adverse Findings
Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
transfer Limits
Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
Not established from accessed source.
providers
Not established from accessed source.
assessors
Not established from accessed source.
analysts
Not established from accessed source.
population
relation
direct
population
62 IPV-exposed maltreated children compared with 67 maltreated children without IPV exposure.
exposure Evidence
Study explicitly distinguishes IPV-exposed children.
rationale
Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
transfer Limit
Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
None recorded
conditions
None recorded
topic Trust Scores

2

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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