Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: can treatment help those at highest risk?
Ghosh Ippen C; Harris WW; Van Horn P; Lieberman AF · Child abuse & neglect · 2011 · Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
Children with four or more traumatic/stressful events showed larger CPP benefits in PTSD, depression, diagnoses and behavior than comparison children.
Recorded limitations
Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- assessment
- category
- nonrandomized-or-unestablished
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
- abstract
- trust Factor
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- score
- 1
- randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- peer Reviewed
- true
- blinding
- not-applicable
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
- abstract
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- rating Scale
- library-trust-factor/1-3
- jadad
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- evidence
- evidence Type
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- intervention
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP) One-year CPP, with six-month follow-up.
- comparator
- Monthly case management and community referrals.
- sample
- Reported cohort/enrollment: 75. Analysis denominator not established from abstract.
- measurement
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- timing
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- trial Id
- relationship Note
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- source Access
- level
- abstract
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
- outcomes
- name
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- follow Up
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- result
- CPP favored multiple mental-health outcomes.
- effect Estimate
- Not recorded
- uncertainty
- Not established from accessed source.
- primary Status
- Not established from accessed source.
- quality
- risk Of Bias
- Important concerns: Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- attrition
- Not established from accessed source.
- confounding
- Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
- adverse Findings
- Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
- transfer Limits
- Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
- jadad
- not established
- masking Roles
- participants
- Not established from accessed source.
- providers
- Not established from accessed source.
- assessors
- Not established from accessed source.
- analysts
- Not established from accessed source.
- population
- relation
- direct
- population
- Children referred after exposure to domestic violence, stratified by cumulative adversity.
- exposure Evidence
- Abstract explicitly states referral following domestic-violence exposure.
- rationale
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
- transfer Limit
- Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:domestic-family-violence
- title
- Domestic & Family Violence
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- dv-children-21816474
- doi
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- pmid
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- citation Snapshot
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- Not recorded
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- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
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- language
- Not recorded
Complete approved library record
- publication Approval
- status
- approved-for-publication
- approved By
- Ben Korbel
- approved At
- 2026-11-01
- assessment
- AI assessed; human approved for publication
- scope
- Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
- source Revision
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
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- claim Check
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- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- applied Proposals
- None recorded
- method
- AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
- limitations
Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.
- study Family Id
- cpp-lieberman-2005-n75
- family Linkage Uncertain
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- approaches
- None recorded
- id
- dv-children-21816474
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: can treatment help those at highest risk?
- journal
- Child abuse & neglect
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2011
- authors
- Ghosh Ippen C; Harris WW; Van Horn P; Lieberman AF
- design
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- kind
- Journal article
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.009
- pmid
- 21816474
- urls
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.009 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- collections
language
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Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- Children with four or more traumatic/stressful events showed larger CPP benefits in PTSD, depression, diagnoses and behavior than comparison children.
- limitation
- Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- citation Count
- Not recorded
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- count
- Not recorded
- source
- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
- status
- not-assessed
- study Design Assessment
- category
- nonrandomized-or-unestablished
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
- abstract
- paper Trust Assessment
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- score
- 1
- randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- peer Reviewed
- true
- blinding
- not-applicable
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
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- language:domestic-family-violence
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- journal Label
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- chapter Entries
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- aliases
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- title
- Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: can treatment help those at highest risk?
- authors
- Ghosh Ippen C; Harris WW; Van Horn P; Lieberman AF
- year
- 2011
- journal
- Child abuse & neglect
- doi
- 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.009
- pmid
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.009 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- collections
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Clinical & self-report
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- age Groups
children
- age Population
- record Id
- dv-children-21816474
- collections
language
- groups
children
- reported Ages
- Preschool-aged;3–5 years in linked original cohort
- youth Scope
- Not recorded
- youth Source Note
- focus
- source URL
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/
- basis Type
- source-limited-ai-editorial-assessment
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- Original age terms: children. Programme targets or possible eligibility are not counted as observed ages.
- community Matches
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- Journal article
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- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
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- finding
- Children with four or more traumatic/stressful events showed larger CPP benefits in PTSD, depression, diagnoses and behavior than comparison children.
- summary
- Children with four or more traumatic/stressful events showed larger CPP benefits in PTSD, depression, diagnoses and behavior than comparison children.
- limitation
- Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- intervention
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP) One-year CPP, with six-month follow-up.
- comparator
- Monthly case management and community referrals.
- sample
- Reported cohort/enrollment: 75. Analysis denominator not established from abstract.
- measurement
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- timing
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- trial Id
- relationship Note
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- source Access
- level
- abstract
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
- outcomes
- name
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- follow Up
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- result
- CPP favored multiple mental-health outcomes.
- effect Estimate
- Not recorded
- uncertainty
- Not established from accessed source.
- primary Status
- Not established from accessed source.
- quality
- risk Of Bias
- Important concerns: Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- attrition
- Not established from accessed source.
- confounding
- Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
- adverse Findings
- Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
- transfer Limits
- Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
- jadad
- not established
- masking Roles
- participants
- Not established from accessed source.
- providers
- Not established from accessed source.
- assessors
- Not established from accessed source.
- analysts
- Not established from accessed source.
- population
- relation
- direct
- population
- Children referred after exposure to domestic violence, stratified by cumulative adversity.
- exposure Evidence
- Abstract explicitly states referral following domestic-violence exposure.
- rationale
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
- transfer Limit
- Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- study Design Assessment
- category
- nonrandomized-or-unestablished
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
- abstract
- paper Trust Assessment
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- score
- 1
- randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- peer Reviewed
- true
- blinding
- not-applicable
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
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- assessment
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- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- applied Proposals
- None recorded
- method
- AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
- limitations
Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.
- assessment Record
- id
- dv-children-21816474
- title
- Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: can treatment help those at highest risk?
- authors
Ghosh Ippen C · Harris WW · Van Horn P · Lieberman AF
- year
- 2011
- journal
- Child abuse & neglect
- doi
- 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.009
- pmid
- 21816474
- trial Registration
- None recorded
- collection
- language
- intervention Family
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP)
- publication Type
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- study Family Id
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16292115 · 16865033
- existing Repository Matches
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- relevance
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- direct
- population
- Children referred after exposure to domestic violence, stratified by cumulative adversity.
- exposure Evidence
- Abstract explicitly states referral following domestic-violence exposure.
- rationale
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
- transfer Limit
- Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- age
- groups
children
- reported Range
- Preschool-aged;3–5 years in linked original cohort
- youth Scope
- focus
- country
- Not established from accessed source.
- setting
- Not established from accessed source.
- sample Size
- randomized
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- description
- Reported cohort/enrollment: 75. Analysis denominator not established from abstract.
- intervention
- description
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP)
- dose
- One-year CPP, with six-month follow-up.
- provider
- Not established from accessed source.
- comparator
- Monthly case management and community referrals.
- outcomes
- name
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- follow Up
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- result
- CPP favored multiple mental-health outcomes.
- effect Estimate
- Not recorded
- uncertainty
- Not established from accessed source.
- primary Status
- Not established from accessed source.
- finding
- Children with four or more traumatic/stressful events showed larger CPP benefits in PTSD, depression, diagnoses and behavior than comparison children.
- limitation
- Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- design
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- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
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- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- masking
- participants
- Not established from accessed source.
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- assessors
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- analysts
- Not established from accessed source.
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- 0
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- quality
- risk Of Bias
- Important concerns: Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- attrition
- Not established from accessed source.
- confounding
- Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
- adverse Findings
- Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
- transfer Limits
- Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
- jadad
- not established
- access
- level
- abstract
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
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- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- applied Proposals
- None recorded
- method
- AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
- limitations
Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.
- study Design Assessment
- category
- nonrandomized-or-unestablished
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- Not recorded
- basis
- Original 75 dyads were randomized; cumulative-adversity subgroups were not randomized.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- review Scope
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- true
- blinding
- not-applicable
- basis
- No verified randomized comparative treatment-effect claim for this report; no trial cross assigned.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
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- direct
- population
- Children referred after exposure to domestic violence, stratified by cumulative adversity.
- exposure Evidence
- Abstract explicitly states referral following domestic-violence exposure.
- rationale
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
- transfer Limit
- Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- intervention
- description
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP)
- dose
- One-year CPP, with six-month follow-up.
- provider
- Not established from accessed source.
- comparator
- Monthly case management and community referrals.
- outcomes
- name
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- follow Up
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- result
- CPP favored multiple mental-health outcomes.
- effect Estimate
- Not recorded
- uncertainty
- Not established from accessed source.
- primary Status
- Not established from accessed source.
- access
- level
- abstract
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
- citation Snapshot
- count
- Not recorded
- source
- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
- status
- not-assessed
- provenance
- Discovered by AI
- content Hash
- d40e125c211f6d468dd0d94754a8395db5ea4567352487889ea242a599bfe0b6
- revision
- audit-r2-d40e125c211f
- archive Entries
- None recorded
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 5
- topic Id
- domestic-family-violence
- topic Title
- Domestic & Family Violence
- trust Score
- 2
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Secondary subgroup reanalysis of a randomized trial
- intervention
- Child-parent psychotherapy (CPP) One-year CPP, with six-month follow-up.
- comparator
- Monthly case management and community referrals.
- sample
- Reported cohort/enrollment: 75. Analysis denominator not established from abstract.
- measurement
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- timing
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- trial Id
- relationship Note
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence. Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- source Access
- level
- abstract
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816474/ · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/21816474
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-30T07:25:30.543090+00:00
- outcomes
- name
- Symptoms in the four-or-more-event subgroup
- follow Up
- Post-treatment and six-month follow-up
- result
- CPP favored multiple mental-health outcomes.
- effect Estimate
- Not recorded
- uncertainty
- Not established from accessed source.
- primary Status
- Not established from accessed source.
- quality
- risk Of Bias
- Important concerns: Exploratory risk-stratified reanalysis of the same 75 dyads; subgroup associations are not an independent randomized test of adversity level.
- attrition
- Not established from accessed source.
- confounding
- Allocation, adherence, co-interventions and reporting limitations require consideration; see design and limitations.
- adverse Findings
- Adverse events not established from accessed source; absence of reporting is not absence of harm.
- transfer Limits
- Do not extrapolate beyond the described population and intervention.
- jadad
- not established
- masking Roles
- participants
- Not established from accessed source.
- providers
- Not established from accessed source.
- assessors
- Not established from accessed source.
- analysts
- Not established from accessed source.
- population
- relation
- direct
- population
- Children referred after exposure to domestic violence, stratified by cumulative adversity.
- exposure Evidence
- Abstract explicitly states referral following domestic-violence exposure.
- rationale
- Direct study of a therapeutic intervention, its follow-up, or service engagement in children/families affected by domestic or interparental violence.
- transfer Limit
- Population and setting are specific; no inference of effectiveness for all survivors, ages or violence contexts.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- None recorded
- conditions
- None recorded
- topic Trust Scores
2
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false