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Take a Breath, Break The Silence: The Effects of Yogic Breathing and Testimony About Battering on Feelings of Self-Efficacy in Battered Women

Susan H. Franzblau; Michelle Smith; Sonia Echevarria; Thomas E. Van Cantfort · International Journal of Yoga Therapy · 2006 · Four-arm randomized experiment

Original publication · Original publication · Original publication

Recorded summary

Very short exploratory trial supports only cautious consideration of combined testimony/breathing; durable benefit and breathing-specific efficacy remain unproven.

Recorded limitations

Four-day endpoint; unclear allocation concealment/masking; one missing baseline; multiple tests and inconsistent reporting.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Four-arm randomized experiment
assessment
category
rct
is Randomized Controlled Trial
true
basis
Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
sources

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

review Scope
selected-methods
trust Factor
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
2
randomized Controlled Trial
true
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-confirmed
basis
Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
sources

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
display Crosses
2
masking Roles
participants
not established from accessed source
providers
not established from accessed source
assessors
not established from accessed source
analysts
not established from accessed source
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Four-arm randomized experiment
intervention
Yogic breathing, gentle poses and/or testimony to a trained same-race listener Two consecutive intervention days; single-component sessions 45 minutes. Combined condition is described as45-minute testimony followed by 45-minute breathing, but its total-dose wording is ambiguous. Baseline day 1, post-test day 4.
comparator
Testimony-only, breathing-only and waiting-control conditions
sample
Four arms; tables show one missing combined-arm baseline. Exact analysis denominator varies/unclear.
measurement
Self-efficacy factors; Anxiety/relief and fear
timing
Day4
trial Id
relationship Note
Survivor-focused mind–body intervention. Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

retrieved At
2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Self-efficacy factors
    result
    Authors report comparative change-score differences for control, security and confidence; significant posthoc contrasts were combined treatment versus waiting control.
    follow Up
    Day4
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Exact effect estimates withheld because extracted tables, reported contrasts and significance wording warrant facsimile verification.
    primary Status
    No prospectively designated single primary endpoint verified
  2. name
    Anxiety/relief and fear
    result
    No overall between-condition effect reported for these two factors.
    follow Up
    Day4
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Not evidence that all self-efficacy dimensions improved.
    primary Status
    not established from accessed source
quality
risk Of Bias
Small sample; multiple self-efficacy factors and inconsistent significance reporting; no long-term follow-up.
attrition
Tables show9 combined-arm pretests versus 10 in each other arm. ANOVA df(3,35) is consistent with 39 change-score observations; missing-baseline reason and complete analysis flow not reported.
confounding
Combined intervention has greater apparent contact than single-component/waiting arms; specific breathing effects and interaction/synergy not established.
adverse Findings
No systematic adverse-event ascertainment or counts found. Legal/psychological resource information was available on request; this is not proof of safety.
transfer Limits
Immediate self-reported efficacy factors over four days; no evidence of sustained clinical improvement or violence prevention.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
not established from accessed source
providers
not established from accessed source
assessors
not established from accessed source
analysts
not established from accessed source
population
relation
direct
population
Adult women survivors
exposure Evidence
Women self-identified as abused by an intimate partner in the previous two years.
rationale
Survivor-focused mind–body intervention.
transfer Limit
Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
doi
10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
pmid
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
publication Approval
status
approved-for-publication
approved By
Ben Korbel
approved At
2026-11-01
assessment
AI assessed; human approved for publication
scope
Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
source Revision
audit-r2-8a9bf8bda780
source Content Hash
8a9bf8bda780cf1863c1d73a20356b59615ce7ff6149124c3f639a3f152ac0d8
source Access
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

retrieved At
2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
editorial Audit
auditor
Codex (AI)
completed At
2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
prior Content Hash
fbe58d773c55501117eba6706d58f024c09b15292880afa496d79df943b89ccb
prior Revision
r1-fbe58d773c55
prior Source
frozen-120
source Verification
id
dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
doi
10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
pmid
Not recorded
fresh Metadata
Crossref
metadata Retrieved
true
metadata SHA256
46708295f861c2199e82af5d5b3b781b8fbfaba843ba10c9397a5b03777691be
claim Check
Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
sources

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml

applied Proposals

methods-mindbody/proposed-fields.json

method
AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
limitations

Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

study Family Id
Franzblau-breathing-testimony-40
family Linkage Uncertain
true
approaches
None recorded
id
dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
aliases
None recorded
title
Take a Breath, Break The Silence: The Effects of Yogic Breathing and Testimony About Battering on Feelings of Self-Efficacy in Battered Women
journal
International Journal of Yoga Therapy
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2006
authors
Susan H. Franzblau; Michelle Smith; Sonia Echevarria; Thomas E. Van Cantfort
design
Four-arm randomized experiment
kind
Journal article
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
pmid
Not recorded
urls

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

collections

language

categories

Clinical & self-report

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
Very short exploratory trial supports only cautious consideration of combined testimony/breathing; durable benefit and breathing-specific efficacy remain unproven.
limitation
Four-day endpoint; unclear allocation concealment/masking; one missing baseline; multiple tests and inconsistent reporting.
citation Count
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
study Design Assessment
category
rct
is Randomized Controlled Trial
true
basis
Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
sources

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

review Scope
selected-methods
paper Trust Assessment
scope
Paper
status
assessed
score
2
randomized Controlled Trial
true
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-confirmed
basis
Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
sources

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
display Crosses
2
masking Roles
participants
not established from accessed source
providers
not established from accessed source
assessors
not established from accessed source
analysts
not established from accessed source
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:domestic-family-violence
    title
    Domestic & Family Violence
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    language
    trust Score
    2
journal Key
internationaljournalofyogatherapy
journal Label
International Journal of Yoga Therapy
chapter Entries
  1. id
    language-dv-dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    Take a Breath, Break The Silence: The Effects of Yogic Breathing and Testimony About Battering on Feelings of Self-Efficacy in Battered Women
    authors
    Susan H. Franzblau; Michelle Smith; Sonia Echevarria; Thomas E. Van Cantfort
    year
    2006
    journal
    International Journal of Yoga Therapy
    doi
    10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
    pmid
    Not recorded
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    collections

    language

    categories

    Clinical & self-report

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions

    anxiety

    condition Evidence
    1. id
      anxiety
      evidence
      1. field
        outcomes
        text
        Self-efficacy factors | Anxiety/relief and fear
        matched Text
        Anxiety
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      Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
    age Groups

    adults

    age Population
    record Id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    collections

    language

    groups

    adults

    reported Ages
    not established from accessed source
    youth Scope
    Not recorded
    youth Source Note
    Adult survivor evidence; no child treatment inference.
    source URL
    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
    basis Type
    source-limited-ai-editorial-assessment
    classification Note
    Original age terms: adult. Programme targets or possible eligibility are not counted as observed ages.
    community Matches
    1. category Id
      domestic-violence
      relation
      direct
    kind
    Journal article
    design
    Four-arm randomized experiment
    origin
    approved-dv-20261101
    priority
    1
    quotes
    None recorded
    finding
    Very short exploratory trial supports only cautious consideration of combined testimony/breathing; durable benefit and breathing-specific efficacy remain unproven.
    summary
    Very short exploratory trial supports only cautious consideration of combined testimony/breathing; durable benefit and breathing-specific efficacy remain unproven.
    limitation
    Four-day endpoint; unclear allocation concealment/masking; one missing baseline; multiple tests and inconsistent reporting.
    evidence
    evidence Type
    Four-arm randomized experiment
    intervention
    Yogic breathing, gentle poses and/or testimony to a trained same-race listener Two consecutive intervention days; single-component sessions 45 minutes. Combined condition is described as45-minute testimony followed by 45-minute breathing, but its total-dose wording is ambiguous. Baseline day 1, post-test day 4.
    comparator
    Testimony-only, breathing-only and waiting-control conditions
    sample
    Four arms; tables show one missing combined-arm baseline. Exact analysis denominator varies/unclear.
    measurement
    Self-efficacy factors; Anxiety/relief and fear
    timing
    Day4
    trial Id
    relationship Note
    Survivor-focused mind–body intervention. Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
    measured Genes
    None recorded
    pathways
    None recorded
    source Access
    level
    selected-methods
    source URLs

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
    outcomes
    1. name
      Self-efficacy factors
      result
      Authors report comparative change-score differences for control, security and confidence; significant posthoc contrasts were combined treatment versus waiting control.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Exact effect estimates withheld because extracted tables, reported contrasts and significance wording warrant facsimile verification.
      primary Status
      No prospectively designated single primary endpoint verified
    2. name
      Anxiety/relief and fear
      result
      No overall between-condition effect reported for these two factors.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Not evidence that all self-efficacy dimensions improved.
      primary Status
      not established from accessed source
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Small sample; multiple self-efficacy factors and inconsistent significance reporting; no long-term follow-up.
    attrition
    Tables show9 combined-arm pretests versus 10 in each other arm. ANOVA df(3,35) is consistent with 39 change-score observations; missing-baseline reason and complete analysis flow not reported.
    confounding
    Combined intervention has greater apparent contact than single-component/waiting arms; specific breathing effects and interaction/synergy not established.
    adverse Findings
    No systematic adverse-event ascertainment or counts found. Legal/psychological resource information was available on request; this is not proof of safety.
    transfer Limits
    Immediate self-reported efficacy factors over four days; no evidence of sustained clinical improvement or violence prevention.
    jadad
    not established
    masking Roles
    participants
    not established from accessed source
    providers
    not established from accessed source
    assessors
    not established from accessed source
    analysts
    not established from accessed source
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    Adult women survivors
    exposure Evidence
    Women self-identified as abused by an intimate partner in the previous two years.
    rationale
    Survivor-focused mind–body intervention.
    transfer Limit
    Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
    study Design Assessment
    category
    rct
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    basis
    Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    review Scope
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    Paper
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    true
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    true
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    basis
    Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    review Scope
    selected-methods
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    false
    display Crosses
    2
    masking Roles
    participants
    not established from accessed source
    providers
    not established from accessed source
    assessors
    not established from accessed source
    analysts
    not established from accessed source
    rating Scale
    library-trust-factor/1-3
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    citation Count
    Not recorded
    publication Approval
    status
    approved-for-publication
    approved By
    Ben Korbel
    approved At
    2026-11-01
    assessment
    AI assessed; human approved for publication
    scope
    Qualified research-library summaries. No professional clinical peer review or treatment recommendation is claimed.
    source Revision
    audit-r2-8a9bf8bda780
    source Content Hash
    8a9bf8bda780cf1863c1d73a20356b59615ce7ff6149124c3f639a3f152ac0d8
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    source URLs

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
    study Family Id
    Franzblau-breathing-testimony-40
    family Linkage Uncertain
    true
    approaches
    None recorded
    record Id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    source Pages
    None recorded
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
    2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
    prior Content Hash
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    id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    doi
    10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
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    Not recorded
    fresh Metadata
    Crossref
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    46708295f861c2199e82af5d5b3b781b8fbfaba843ba10c9397a5b03777691be
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml

    applied Proposals

    methods-mindbody/proposed-fields.json

    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    assessment Record
    id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    title
    Take a Breath, Break The Silence: The Effects of Yogic Breathing and Testimony About Battering on Feelings of Self-Efficacy in Battered Women
    authors

    Susan H. Franzblau · Michelle Smith · Sonia Echevarria · Thomas E. Van Cantfort

    year
    2006
    journal
    International Journal of Yoga Therapy
    doi
    10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
    pmid
    Not recorded
    trial Registration
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    intervention Family
    Yogic breathing and testimony
    publication Type
    Primary study
    study Family Id
    Franzblau-breathing-testimony-40
    family Linkage Uncertain
    true
    existing Repository Matches
    None recorded
    relevance
    relation
    direct
    population
    Adult women survivors
    exposure Evidence
    Women self-identified as abused by an intimate partner in the previous two years.
    rationale
    Survivor-focused mind–body intervention.
    transfer Limit
    Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
    age
    groups

    adult

    reported Range
    not established from accessed source
    youth Scope
    Adult survivor evidence; no child treatment inference.
    country
    not established from accessed source
    setting
    Campus-library testimony sessions and yoga studio near university; community recruitment
    sample Size
    randomized
    40
    analyzed
    Not recorded
    description
    Four arms; tables show one missing combined-arm baseline. Exact analysis denominator varies/unclear.
    intervention
    description
    Yogic breathing, gentle poses and/or testimony to a trained same-race listener
    dose
    Two consecutive intervention days; single-component sessions 45 minutes. Combined condition is described as45-minute testimony followed by 45-minute breathing, but its total-dose wording is ambiguous. Baseline day 1, post-test day 4.
    provider
    Research assistants; breathing instructor trained by a registered yoga teacher
    comparator
    Testimony-only, breathing-only and waiting-control conditions
    outcomes
    1. name
      Self-efficacy factors
      result
      Authors report comparative change-score differences for control, security and confidence; significant posthoc contrasts were combined treatment versus waiting control.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Exact effect estimates withheld because extracted tables, reported contrasts and significance wording warrant facsimile verification.
      primary Status
      No prospectively designated single primary endpoint verified
    2. name
      Anxiety/relief and fear
      result
      No overall between-condition effect reported for these two factors.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Not evidence that all self-efficacy dimensions improved.
      primary Status
      not established from accessed source
    finding
    Very short exploratory trial supports only cautious consideration of combined testimony/breathing; durable benefit and breathing-specific efficacy remain unproven.
    limitation
    Four-day endpoint; unclear allocation concealment/masking; one missing baseline; multiple tests and inconsistent reporting.
    design
    type
    Four-arm randomized experiment
    randomization Evidence
    Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
    masking
    participants
    not established from accessed source
    providers
    not established from accessed source
    assessors
    not established from accessed source
    analysts
    not established from accessed source
    crosses
    1
    cross Rationale
    Within-race random assignment verified in primary methods; masking unreported. One cross remains.
    quality
    risk Of Bias
    Small sample; multiple self-efficacy factors and inconsistent significance reporting; no long-term follow-up.
    attrition
    Tables show9 combined-arm pretests versus 10 in each other arm. ANOVA df(3,35) is consistent with 39 change-score observations; missing-baseline reason and complete analysis flow not reported.
    confounding
    Combined intervention has greater apparent contact than single-component/waiting arms; specific breathing effects and interaction/synergy not established.
    adverse Findings
    No systematic adverse-event ascertainment or counts found. Legal/psychological resource information was available on request; this is not proof of safety.
    transfer Limits
    Immediate self-reported efficacy factors over four days; no evidence of sustained clinical improvement or violence prevention.
    jadad
    not established
    access
    level
    selected-methods
    source URLs

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
    sources
    1. url
      https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
      type
      primary publication or PubMed record
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T07:30:54.246430+00:00
      identity Verified
      true
      notes
      Bibliographic identity and stated extraction checked.
    2. url
      https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml
      type
      primary publication or PubMed record
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T07:30:54.246430+00:00
      identity Verified
      true
      notes
      Bibliographic identity and stated extraction checked.
    3. url
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women
      type
      Author-deposited primary journal article text
      retrieved At
      2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
      identity Verified
      true
      notes
      full article text exposed, including methods and tables1–5; referenced Table6 not located in extraction; Uploaded by coauthor Thomas E. Van Cantfort. Article heading and copyright2006 override inconsistent ResearchGate metadata2008. No publisher403 retry.
    publication Status
    status
    published
    correction Retraction Check
    Accessed primary/index record; no systematic retraction-database audit.
    uncertainty
    Publication status may change.
    recommendation Rationale
    Relevant candidate for human appraisal; evidence strength and access limits remain explicit.
    review
    status
    pending
    reviewer
    Not recorded
    assessment Status
    assessed
    assessment Notes

    Publisher HTML/PDF returned403; indexed journal abstract verified assignment and outcome, not full methods. · Likely companion to depression report PMID18319369; do not count as two independent trials without cohort verification. · New route is a coauthor-uploaded primary publication; publisher403 routes were not retried. · The actual2006article and author list are verified despite ResearchGate year metadata inconsistency. · Methods/results read. Referenced Table6 was not exposed in extracted full text, so access is conservatively selected-methods. · Study-family overlap with PMID18319369 remains unverified; no additional independent trial counted. · The results text uses p<.10 in one paragraph but labels some p=.095/.096 results nonsignificant; table/contrast consistency requires original facsimile audit.

    research Lane
    mindbody
    review Ready
    true
    review Readiness
    ai-editorial-audit-complete-release-pending
    later Review Evidence
    id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    title
    Take a Breath, Break The Silence: The Effects of Yogic Breathing and Testimony About Battering on Feelings of Self-Efficacy in Battered Women
    prior Revision
    r1-fbe58d773c55
    prior Content Hash
    fbe58d773c55501117eba6706d58f024c09b15292880afa496d79df943b89ccb
    original
    review Ready
    true
    review Readiness
    ready-with-access-limits
    finding
    Preliminary randomized evidence for combined breathing and testimony.
    limitation
    Only indexed primary abstract accessible; effect estimates, concealment and masking unresolved.
    adverse Findings
    Adverse-event reporting not established; absence of reporting is not evidence of safety.
    crosses
    1
    access
    abstract
    action
    amend
    hold Current Revision
    true
    cross Verification On Hold
    false
    new Evidence
    The coauthor-deposited article describes a four-day experiment, selected self-efficacy findings, one missing combined-arm baseline and inconsistent statistical presentation. A referenced table was not exposed in the accessed text.
    revised Interpretation
    Describe exploratory short-term findings only. Breathing-specific efficacy, synergy and durable benefit are not established. Withhold precise disputed estimates.
    required Before Approval
    Replace the broad preliminary-evidence statement with a qualified four-day interpretation before approval; exact disputed statistics require a readable facsimile or correction.
    source URLs

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    source Location
    Methods and Tables 1–5; referenced Table 6 not located
    assessment Changed
    false
    human Approval
    false
    publication Recommendation
    status
    recommended-summary
    reason
    Suitable as a qualified research-library summary at the stated source-access level. This is not a conclusion that the intervention is effective or safe.
    scope
    Research summary only; no treatment recommendation
    human Release Approval
    false
    editorial Audit
    auditor
    Codex (AI)
    completed At
    2026-10-31T05:11:05.655793+00:00
    prior Content Hash
    fbe58d773c55501117eba6706d58f024c09b15292880afa496d79df943b89ccb
    prior Revision
    r1-fbe58d773c55
    prior Source
    frozen-120
    source Verification
    id
    dv-mindbody-88e29294631c
    doi
    10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35
    pmid
    Not recorded
    fresh Metadata
    Crossref
    metadata Retrieved
    true
    metadata SHA256
    46708295f861c2199e82af5d5b3b781b8fbfaba843ba10c9397a5b03777691be
    claim Check
    Headline finding/design/limitations compared with indexed abstract or accessible primary evidence; retained methods amendments separately adjudicated.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml

    applied Proposals

    methods-mindbody/proposed-fields.json

    method
    AI editorial assessment of all 130 publication records: compare identity, headline finding, design, relevance and limitations with indexed abstracts or available primary material; adjudicate retained source-supported methods amendments. This is a source-limited publication audit, not an independent full-text systematic review or a clinical guideline.
    limitations

    Abstract-only records do not establish allocation concealment, complete harms reporting or full risk of bias. · No formal independent RoB 2, GRADE appraisal or numerical reconstruction of every effect was performed. · Source-access labels describe retained appraisal evidence; fuller prior appraisals were checked through their source ledgers and selected material, not independently repeated in full. · Publication counts are not independent trial or participant counts; cohort links and overlapping review evidence remain provisional. · A randomized design cross does not indicate benefit, low risk of bias or human approval. No double-blind trial is verified in this release. · No professional clinical peer review is claimed. Recommended content is limited to accurately qualified research summaries.

    study Design Assessment
    category
    rct
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    basis
    Methods explicitly describe random assignment within race to four conditions; sequence generation and concealment not described.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    review Scope
    selected-methods
    paper Trust Assessment
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    score
    2
    randomized Controlled Trial
    true
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    basis
    Within-race random assignment verified in primary methods; masking unreported. One cross remains.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    review Scope
    selected-methods
    human Approval
    false
    display Crosses
    1
    masking Roles
    participants
    not established from accessed source
    providers
    not established from accessed source
    assessors
    not established from accessed source
    analysts
    not established from accessed source
    jadad
    status
    unassessed
    score
    Not recorded
    evidence
    population
    relation
    direct
    population
    Adult women survivors
    exposure Evidence
    Women self-identified as abused by an intimate partner in the previous two years.
    rationale
    Survivor-focused mind–body intervention.
    transfer Limit
    Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
    intervention
    description
    Yogic breathing, gentle poses and/or testimony to a trained same-race listener
    dose
    Two consecutive intervention days; single-component sessions 45 minutes. Combined condition is described as45-minute testimony followed by 45-minute breathing, but its total-dose wording is ambiguous. Baseline day 1, post-test day 4.
    provider
    Research assistants; breathing instructor trained by a registered yoga teacher
    comparator
    Testimony-only, breathing-only and waiting-control conditions
    outcomes
    1. name
      Self-efficacy factors
      result
      Authors report comparative change-score differences for control, security and confidence; significant posthoc contrasts were combined treatment versus waiting control.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Exact effect estimates withheld because extracted tables, reported contrasts and significance wording warrant facsimile verification.
      primary Status
      No prospectively designated single primary endpoint verified
    2. name
      Anxiety/relief and fear
      result
      No overall between-condition effect reported for these two factors.
      follow Up
      Day4
      effect Estimate
      Not recorded
      uncertainty
      Not evidence that all self-efficacy dimensions improved.
      primary Status
      not established from accessed source
    access
    level
    selected-methods
    source URLs

    https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

    retrieved At
    2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    provenance
    Discovered by AI
    content Hash
    8a9bf8bda780cf1863c1d73a20356b59615ce7ff6149124c3f639a3f152ac0d8
    revision
    audit-r2-8a9bf8bda780
    archive Entries
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    5
    topic Id
    domestic-family-violence
    topic Title
    Domestic & Family Violence
    trust Score
    2
evidence
evidence Type
Four-arm randomized experiment
intervention
Yogic breathing, gentle poses and/or testimony to a trained same-race listener Two consecutive intervention days; single-component sessions 45 minutes. Combined condition is described as45-minute testimony followed by 45-minute breathing, but its total-dose wording is ambiguous. Baseline day 1, post-test day 4.
comparator
Testimony-only, breathing-only and waiting-control conditions
sample
Four arms; tables show one missing combined-arm baseline. Exact analysis denominator varies/unclear.
measurement
Self-efficacy factors; Anxiety/relief and fear
timing
Day4
trial Id
relationship Note
Survivor-focused mind–body intervention. Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
source Access
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.16.1.d8qw1532m0121w35 · https://ijyt.kglmeridian.com/view/journals/ijyt/16/1/article-p49.xml · https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228698848_Take_a_Breath_Break_The_Silence_The_Effects_of_Yogic_Breathing_and_Testimony_About_Battering_on_Feelings_of_Self-Efficacy_in_Battered_Women

retrieved At
2026-10-30T08:28:43.779847+00:00
outcomes
  1. name
    Self-efficacy factors
    result
    Authors report comparative change-score differences for control, security and confidence; significant posthoc contrasts were combined treatment versus waiting control.
    follow Up
    Day4
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Exact effect estimates withheld because extracted tables, reported contrasts and significance wording warrant facsimile verification.
    primary Status
    No prospectively designated single primary endpoint verified
  2. name
    Anxiety/relief and fear
    result
    No overall between-condition effect reported for these two factors.
    follow Up
    Day4
    effect Estimate
    Not recorded
    uncertainty
    Not evidence that all self-efficacy dimensions improved.
    primary Status
    not established from accessed source
quality
risk Of Bias
Small sample; multiple self-efficacy factors and inconsistent significance reporting; no long-term follow-up.
attrition
Tables show9 combined-arm pretests versus 10 in each other arm. ANOVA df(3,35) is consistent with 39 change-score observations; missing-baseline reason and complete analysis flow not reported.
confounding
Combined intervention has greater apparent contact than single-component/waiting arms; specific breathing effects and interaction/synergy not established.
adverse Findings
No systematic adverse-event ascertainment or counts found. Legal/psychological resource information was available on request; this is not proof of safety.
transfer Limits
Immediate self-reported efficacy factors over four days; no evidence of sustained clinical improvement or violence prevention.
jadad
not established
masking Roles
participants
not established from accessed source
providers
not established from accessed source
assessors
not established from accessed source
analysts
not established from accessed source
population
relation
direct
population
Adult women survivors
exposure Evidence
Women self-identified as abused by an intimate partner in the previous two years.
rationale
Survivor-focused mind–body intervention.
transfer Limit
Do not extrapolate to children, perpetrators, or prevention of violence.
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
  1. id
    anxiety
    evidence
    1. field
      outcomes
      text
      Self-efficacy factors | Anxiety/relief and fear
      matched Text
      Anxiety
    scope
    Study population or investigated outcome; not a diagnosis or efficacy claim.
conditions

anxiety

topic Trust Scores

2

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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