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The efficacy of virtual reality-enhanced EEG biofeedback in anxiety treatment: analysis of a digital health intervention

Tong BG, Liang Zi Hong, He Xue Mei, Yang Fan, Jing Lan, Gao Li Jia · Cogent Psychology · 2025 · Controlled study

Original publication

Recorded summary

The study assigned 89 patients across treatment conditions. The combined format showed a self-rated anxiety advantage while clinician-rated anxiety reductions were comparable. The unusual age summaries in Table 2 limit demographic interpretation.

Recorded limitations

EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Controlled study
assessment
category
peer-reviewed-study
peer Reviewed
true
basis
The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
sources

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

trust Factor
score
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
randomized Controlled Trial
Not recorded
blinding
not-confirmed
peer Reviewed
true
basis
The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
sources

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

review Scope
Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
assessed At
2026-11-05
display Crosses
1
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Participant study
measurement
EEG
relationship Note
EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    language:mindfulness-biofeedback
    title
    Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
lab-a8505b36d21db2
doi
10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063
pmid
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
Not recorded
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
id
lab-a8505b36d21db2
aliases
None recorded
title
The efficacy of virtual reality-enhanced EEG biofeedback in anxiety treatment: analysis of a digital health intervention
journal
Cogent Psychology
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2025
authors
Tong BG, Liang Zi Hong, He Xue Mei, Yang Fan, Jing Lan, Gao Li Jia
design
Controlled study
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063
pmid
Not recorded
urls

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

collections

language

categories

Mindfulness and biofeedback

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
The study assigned 89 patients across treatment conditions. The combined format showed a self-rated anxiety advantage while clinician-rated anxiety reductions were comparable. The unusual age summaries in Table 2 limit demographic interpretation.
limitation
EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.
citation Count
Not recorded
study Design Assessment
category
peer-reviewed-study
peer Reviewed
true
basis
The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
sources

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

paper Trust Assessment
score
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
randomized Controlled Trial
Not recorded
blinding
not-confirmed
peer Reviewed
true
basis
The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
sources

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

review Scope
Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
assessed At
2026-11-05
display Crosses
1
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:mindfulness-biofeedback
    title
    Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
journal Key
cogentpsychology
journal Label
Cogent Psychology
chapter Entries
  1. title
    The efficacy of virtual reality-enhanced EEG biofeedback in anxiety treatment: analysis of a digital health intervention
    doi
    10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063
    pmid
    Not recorded
    journal
    Cogent Psychology
    year
    2025
    authors
    Tong BG, Liang Zi Hong, He Xue Mei, Yang Fan, Jing Lan, Gao Li Jia
    design
    Controlled study
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

    targets
    None recorded
    categories

    Mindfulness and biofeedback

    citation Count
    Not recorded
    evidence
    evidence Type
    Participant study
    measurement
    EEG
    relationship Note
    EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.
    id
    language-biofeedback-08
    record Id
    lab-a8505b36d21db2
    summary
    The study assigned 89 patients across treatment conditions. The combined format showed a self-rated anxiety advantage while clinician-rated anxiety reductions were comparable. The unusual age summaries in Table 2 limit demographic interpretation.
    limitation
    EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.
    quotes
    None recorded
    source Pages
    None recorded
    study Design Assessment
    category
    peer-reviewed-study
    peer Reviewed
    true
    basis
    The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

    paper Trust Assessment
    score
    1
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    randomized Controlled Trial
    Not recorded
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    peer Reviewed
    true
    basis
    The publication is a peer-reviewed journal study or review. A qualifying randomised comparison was not verified in the assessed source.
    sources

    https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2565063

    review Scope
    Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
    assessed At
    2026-11-05
    display Crosses
    1
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    2
    topic Id
    mindfulness-biofeedback
    topic Title
    Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
    trust Score
    2
evidence
evidence Type
Participant study
measurement
EEG
relationship Note
EEG training supplied neurofeedback in the intervention. Clinical anxiety ratings were outcomes.
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
None recorded
conditions
None recorded
topic Trust Scores

2

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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