Reduced Trauma Symptoms and Perceived Stress in Male Prison Inmates through the Transcendental Meditation Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Nidich S, O'connor T, Rutledge T, Duncan J, Compton B, Seng A, Nidich R. · The Permanente journal · 2016 · Randomized controlled trial
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
In 181 male prisoners, Transcendental Meditation reduced self-reported trauma symptoms and perceived stress relative to usual care after four months.
Recorded limitations
The control did not match instructor attention. Self-reported trauma symptoms are distinct from independently confirmed PTSD remission, and findings do not establish an effect on reoffending.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- trust Factor
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- intervention
- Transcendental Meditation
- comparator
- Usual care
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/tm3qbk5k · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:i
- title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-27723444
- doi
- 10.7812/tpp/16-007
- pmid
- 27723444
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 19
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- citations By Collection
- language
- 19
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-27723444
- publication Key
- doi:10.7812/tpp/16-007
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Reduced Trauma Symptoms and Perceived Stress in Male Prison Inmates through the Transcendental Meditation Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- journal
- The Permanente journal
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2016
- authors
- Nidich S, O'connor T, Rutledge T, Duncan J, Compton B, Seng A, Nidich R.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.7812/tpp/16-007
- pmid
- 27723444
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- collections
language
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- In 181 male prisoners, Transcendental Meditation reduced self-reported trauma symptoms and perceived stress relative to usual care after four months.
- limitation
- The control did not match instructor attention. Self-reported trauma symptoms are distinct from independently confirmed PTSD remission, and findings do not establish an effect on reoffending.
- citation Count
- 19
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 19
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- citations By Collection
- language
- 19
- topics
- key
- language:i
- title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
- journal Key
- permanentejournal
- journal Label
- The Permanente journal
- chapter Entries
- title
- Reduced Trauma Symptoms and Perceived Stress in Male Prison Inmates through the Transcendental Meditation Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- journal
- The Permanente journal
- year
- 2016
- authors
- Nidich S, O'connor T, Rutledge T, Duncan J, Compton B, Seng A, Nidich R.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- doi
- 10.7812/tpp/16-007
- pmid
- 27723444
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- citation Count
- 19
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 19
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- evidence
- intervention
- Transcendental Meditation
- comparator
- Usual care
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/tm3qbk5k · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- id
- language-i-pmid-27723444
- record Id
- pmid-27723444
- quotes
- None recorded
- source Pages
- None recorded
- summary
- In 181 male prisoners, Transcendental Meditation reduced self-reported trauma symptoms and perceived stress relative to usual care after four months.
- limitation
- The control did not match instructor attention. Self-reported trauma symptoms are distinct from independently confirmed PTSD remission, and findings do not establish an effect on reoffending.
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- publication Key
- doi:10.7812/tpp/16-007
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 1
- topic Id
- i
- topic Title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- trust Score
- 2
- evidence
- intervention
- Transcendental Meditation
- comparator
- Usual care
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27723444/ · https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/16-007 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5101089/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/tm3qbk5k · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27723444
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- id
- trauma
- evidence
- field
- curated primary-source summary
- text
- In 181 male prisoners, Transcendental Meditation reduced self-reported trauma symptoms and perceived stress relative to usual care after four months.
- matched Text
- trauma
- conditions
trauma
- topic Trust Scores
2
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false