Effects of Listening to Binaural Beats on Anxiety Levels and Pain Scores in Male Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy and Ureteral Stent Removal: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Ölçücü MT, Yılmaz K, Karamık K, Okuducu Y, Özsoy Ç, Aktaş Y, Çakır S, Ateş M. · Journal of endourology · 2021 · Randomized controlled trial
Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
In men undergoing cystoscopy or ureteral stent removal, binaural beats reduced pain compared with classical music and silent headphones; both sound interventions improved anxiety relative to silence.
Recorded limitations
The analysed procedure groups totalled 352 participants after exclusions. Procedure tolerance was less favourable with binaural beats, and results are specific to these urological settings.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- trust Factor
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats during cystoscopy or stent removal
- comparator
- Classical music and silent headphones
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- sound:i
- title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- collection
- sound
- trust Score
- 3
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-33107329
- doi
- 10.1089/end.2020.0353
- pmid
- 33107329
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 23
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- citations By Collection
- sound
- 23
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-33107329
- publication Key
- doi:10.1089/end.2020.0353
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Effects of Listening to Binaural Beats on Anxiety Levels and Pain Scores in Male Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy and Ureteral Stent Removal: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
- journal
- Journal of endourology
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2021
- authors
- Ölçücü MT, Yılmaz K, Karamık K, Okuducu Y, Özsoy Ç, Aktaş Y, Çakır S, Ateş M.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.1089/end.2020.0353
- pmid
- 33107329
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- collections
sound
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- In men undergoing cystoscopy or ureteral stent removal, binaural beats reduced pain compared with classical music and silent headphones; both sound interventions improved anxiety relative to silence.
- limitation
- The analysed procedure groups totalled 352 participants after exclusions. Procedure tolerance was less favourable with binaural beats, and results are specific to these urological settings.
- citation Count
- 23
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 23
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- citations By Collection
- sound
- 23
- topics
- key
- sound:i
- title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- collection
- sound
- trust Score
- 3
- journal Key
- journalofendourology
- journal Label
- Journal of endourology
- chapter Entries
- title
- Effects of Listening to Binaural Beats on Anxiety Levels and Pain Scores in Male Patients Undergoing Cystoscopy and Ureteral Stent Removal: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
- journal
- Journal of endourology
- year
- 2021
- authors
- Ölçücü MT, Yılmaz K, Karamık K, Okuducu Y, Özsoy Ç, Aktaş Y, Çakır S, Ateş M.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- doi
- 10.1089/end.2020.0353
- pmid
- 33107329
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- citation Count
- 23
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 23
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats during cystoscopy or stent removal
- comparator
- Classical music and silent headphones
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- id
- sound-i-pmid-33107329
- record Id
- pmid-33107329
- quotes
- None recorded
- source Pages
- None recorded
- summary
- In men undergoing cystoscopy or ureteral stent removal, binaural beats reduced pain compared with classical music and silent headphones; both sound interventions improved anxiety relative to silence.
- limitation
- The analysed procedure groups totalled 352 participants after exclusions. Procedure tolerance was less favourable with binaural beats, and results are specific to these urological settings.
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- publication Key
- doi:10.1089/end.2020.0353
- collection
- sound
- chapter Number
- 1
- topic Id
- i
- topic Title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- trust Score
- 3
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats during cystoscopy or stent removal
- comparator
- Classical music and silent headphones
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107329/ · https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0353
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33107329
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- None recorded
- conditions
- None recorded
- topic Trust Scores
3
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false