Randomized controlled trial of stress reduction with meditation and health education in black men and women with high normal and normal blood pressure.
Schneider RH, Grim C, Kotchen T, Marwaha K, Kotchen J, Salerno JW, King CG, Nidich S, Alexander CN. · American journal of preventive cardiology · 2021 · Randomized controlled trial
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
Among 304 Black adults stratified by baseline blood pressure, meditation reduced systolic pressure by approximately 3.3 mmHg relative to health education in the high-normal-pressure group.
Recorded limitations
The benefit did not extend to the normal-pressure group or diastolic pressure. Hypertension-event differences were not significant, so the result is subgroup- and endpoint-specific.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- trust Factor
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- intervention
- Mantram repetition programme
- comparator
- Health education
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/vpmdnxwn · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:i
- title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-34729544
- doi
- 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279
- pmid
- 34729544
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 11
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- citations By Collection
- language
- 11
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-34729544
- publication Key
- doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Randomized controlled trial of stress reduction with meditation and health education in black men and women with high normal and normal blood pressure.
- journal
- American journal of preventive cardiology
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2021
- authors
- Schneider RH, Grim C, Kotchen T, Marwaha K, Kotchen J, Salerno JW, King CG, Nidich S, Alexander CN.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279
- pmid
- 34729544
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- collections
language
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- Among 304 Black adults stratified by baseline blood pressure, meditation reduced systolic pressure by approximately 3.3 mmHg relative to health education in the high-normal-pressure group.
- limitation
- The benefit did not extend to the normal-pressure group or diastolic pressure. Hypertension-event differences were not significant, so the result is subgroup- and endpoint-specific.
- citation Count
- 11
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 11
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- citations By Collection
- language
- 11
- topics
- key
- language:i
- title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
- journal Key
- americanjournalofpreventivecardiology
- journal Label
- American journal of preventive cardiology
- chapter Entries
- title
- Randomized controlled trial of stress reduction with meditation and health education in black men and women with high normal and normal blood pressure.
- journal
- American journal of preventive cardiology
- year
- 2021
- authors
- Schneider RH, Grim C, Kotchen T, Marwaha K, Kotchen J, Salerno JW, King CG, Nidich S, Alexander CN.
- design
- Randomized controlled trial
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- doi
- 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279
- pmid
- 34729544
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- citation Count
- 11
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 11
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- evidence
- intervention
- Mantram repetition programme
- comparator
- Health education
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/vpmdnxwn · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- id
- language-i-pmid-34729544
- record Id
- pmid-34729544
- quotes
- None recorded
- source Pages
- None recorded
- summary
- Among 304 Black adults stratified by baseline blood pressure, meditation reduced systolic pressure by approximately 3.3 mmHg relative to health education in the high-normal-pressure group.
- limitation
- The benefit did not extend to the normal-pressure group or diastolic pressure. Hypertension-event differences were not significant, so the result is subgroup- and endpoint-specific.
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- publication Key
- doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 1
- topic Id
- i
- topic Title
- Mantra meditation: cognition, creativity, mental health and cardiovascular outcomes
- trust Score
- 2
- evidence
- intervention
- Mantram repetition programme
- comparator
- Health education
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729544/ · https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100279 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8546372/
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://daytab.com/study/vpmdnxwn · https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34729544
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- None recorded
- conditions
- None recorded
- topic Trust Scores
2
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false