Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision in reducing risk of mental health problems and promoting well-being in adolescence: the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial
Kuyken W, Ball S, Crane C, Ganguli P, Jones B, Montero-Marin J, Nuthall E, Raja A, Taylor L, Tudor K, Viner RM, Allwood M, Aukland L, Dunning D, Casey T, Dalrymple N, De Wilde K, Farley ER, Harper J, Kappelmann N, Kempnich M, Lord L, Medlicott E, Palmer L, Petit A, Philips A, Pryor-Nitsch I, Radley L, Sonley A, Shackleford J, Tickell A, Blakemore SJ, Team TM, Ukoumunne OC, Greenberg MT, Ford T, Dalgleish T, Byford S, Williams JMG. · Evidence-based mental health · 2022 · Cluster randomized controlled trial; unblinded
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
MYRIAD found no evidence that universal school mindfulness training improved the three primary mental-health outcomes over usual provision at one year.
Recorded limitations
An important null finding in adolescents. Results apply to universal school delivery, rather than adult clinical MBSR or MBCT. Molecular outcomes were not measured.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Cluster randomized controlled trial; unblinded
- assessment
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- assessed At
- 2026-10-23
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- trust Factor
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- open-label
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- intervention
- Universal school-based mindfulness training
- comparator
- Usual social-emotional teaching
- sample
- 8,376 students in 84 schools in the analysis
- measurement
- Depression risk, social-emotional functioning and wellbeing
- timing
- 10 lessons; primary endpoint at 1 year
- trial Id
- ISRCTN86619085
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- evidence Type
- Clinical outcomes
- source URLs
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- checked At
- 2026-10-23
- review Scope
- Publication abstract and selected full-text methods; Jadad assessment pending
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:mindfulness-clinical
- title
- Mindfulness-based interventions: controlled clinical trials
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-35820992
- doi
- 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- pmid
- 35820992
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 241
- source
- Crossref
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-23
- url
- https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- citations By Collection
- language
- 241
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-35820992
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision in reducing risk of mental health problems and promoting well-being in adolescence: the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial
- journal
- Evidence-based mental health
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2022
- authors
- Kuyken W, Ball S, Crane C, Ganguli P, Jones B, Montero-Marin J, Nuthall E, Raja A, Taylor L, Tudor K, Viner RM, Allwood M, Aukland L, Dunning D, Casey T, Dalrymple N, De Wilde K, Farley ER, Harper J, Kappelmann N, Kempnich M, Lord L, Medlicott E, Palmer L, Petit A, Philips A, Pryor-Nitsch I, Radley L, Sonley A, Shackleford J, Tickell A, Blakemore SJ, Team TM, Ukoumunne OC, Greenberg MT, Ford T, Dalgleish T, Byford S, Williams JMG.
- design
- Cluster randomized controlled trial; unblinded
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- pmid
- 35820992
- urls
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- collections
language
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- MYRIAD found no evidence that universal school mindfulness training improved the three primary mental-health outcomes over usual provision at one year.
- limitation
- An important null finding in adolescents. Results apply to universal school delivery, rather than adult clinical MBSR or MBCT. Molecular outcomes were not measured.
- citation Count
- 241
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 241
- source
- Crossref
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-23
- url
- https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- study Design Assessment
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- assessed At
- 2026-10-23
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- open-label
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- citations By Collection
- language
- 241
- topics
- key
- language:mindfulness-clinical
- title
- Mindfulness-based interventions: controlled clinical trials
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
- journal Key
- evidencebasedmentalhealth
- journal Label
- Evidence-based mental health
- chapter Entries
- id
- language-mindfulness-clinical-pmid-35820992
- record Id
- pmid-35820992
- title
- Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision in reducing risk of mental health problems and promoting well-being in adolescence: the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial
- journal
- Evidence-based mental health
- year
- 2022
- authors
- Kuyken W, Ball S, Crane C, Ganguli P, Jones B, Montero-Marin J, Nuthall E, Raja A, Taylor L, Tudor K, Viner RM, Allwood M, Aukland L, Dunning D, Casey T, Dalrymple N, De Wilde K, Farley ER, Harper J, Kappelmann N, Kempnich M, Lord L, Medlicott E, Palmer L, Petit A, Philips A, Pryor-Nitsch I, Radley L, Sonley A, Shackleford J, Tickell A, Blakemore SJ, Team TM, Ukoumunne OC, Greenberg MT, Ford T, Dalgleish T, Byford S, Williams JMG.
- design
- Cluster randomized controlled trial; unblinded
- urls
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- MYRIAD found no evidence that universal school mindfulness training improved the three primary mental-health outcomes over usual provision at one year.
- limitation
- An important null finding in adolescents. Results apply to universal school delivery, rather than adult clinical MBSR or MBCT. Molecular outcomes were not measured.
- citation Count
- 241
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 241
- source
- Crossref
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-23
- url
- https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- study Design Assessment
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- assessed At
- 2026-10-23
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- source Pages
- None recorded
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- doi
- 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- pmid
- 35820992
- evidence
- intervention
- Universal school-based mindfulness training
- comparator
- Usual social-emotional teaching
- sample
- 8,376 students in 84 schools in the analysis
- measurement
- Depression risk, social-emotional functioning and wellbeing
- timing
- 10 lessons; primary endpoint at 1 year
- trial Id
- ISRCTN86619085
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- evidence Type
- Clinical outcomes
- source URLs
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- checked At
- 2026-10-23
- review Scope
- Publication abstract and selected full-text methods; Jadad assessment pending
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- open-label
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Students and teachers were not blind to allocation. The main outcomes used self-report; the paper does not establish blinded outcome assessment.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 4
- topic Id
- mindfulness-clinical
- topic Title
- Mindfulness-based interventions: controlled clinical trials
- trust Score
- 2
- evidence
- intervention
- Universal school-based mindfulness training
- comparator
- Usual social-emotional teaching
- sample
- 8,376 students in 84 schools in the analysis
- measurement
- Depression risk, social-emotional functioning and wellbeing
- timing
- 10 lessons; primary endpoint at 1 year
- trial Id
- ISRCTN86619085
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- evidence Type
- Clinical outcomes
- source URLs
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9340028/ · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35820992/ · https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396
- checked At
- 2026-10-23
- review Scope
- Publication abstract and selected full-text methods; Jadad assessment pending
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- id
- depression
- evidence
- field
- evidence.measurement
- text
- Depression risk, social-emotional functioning and wellbeing
- matched Text
- Depression
- conditions
depression
- topic Trust Scores
2
- full Text
- status
- open-license
- retrieval Available
- true
- url
- https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9340028/fullTextXML
- pmcid
- PMC9340028
- rights
- license
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- statement
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ .
- sha256
- b41479631eb924c6d63932997b82345d17df2b38a961969c5e61102d48309c00
- checked At
- 2026-10-24