Comparing binaural beats and 432 Hz music for reduction of preoperative anxiety in root canal patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Zaki H, Ahmed S, Rehman Qazi FU, Fatima N, Ali YS. · JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association · 2025 · Double-blind randomized controlled trial
Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
In 99 root-canal patients, binaural beats and 432 Hz music each reduced preoperative anxiety relative to white noise. Participants and outcome assessors were described as blinded.
Recorded limitations
The two active audio conditions did not differ significantly. The trial does not demonstrate a unique therapeutic property of 432 Hz or superiority of binaural beats over music.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Double-blind randomized controlled trial
- assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- trust Factor
- score
- 3
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- double
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats or 432 Hz music
- comparator
- White noise and the other active audio condition
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- trial Id
- NCT06349200
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- sound:i
- title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- collection
- sound
- trust Score
- 3
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-40269359
- doi
- 10.47391/jpma.21023
- pmid
- 40269359
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 1
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- citations By Collection
- sound
- 1
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-40269359
- publication Key
- doi:10.47391/jpma.21023
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Comparing binaural beats and 432 Hz music for reduction of preoperative anxiety in root canal patients: a randomized controlled trial.
- journal
- JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2025
- authors
- Zaki H, Ahmed S, Rehman Qazi FU, Fatima N, Ali YS.
- design
- Double-blind randomized controlled trial
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.47391/jpma.21023
- pmid
- 40269359
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- collections
sound
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- In 99 root-canal patients, binaural beats and 432 Hz music each reduced preoperative anxiety relative to white noise. Participants and outcome assessors were described as blinded.
- limitation
- The two active audio conditions did not differ significantly. The trial does not demonstrate a unique therapeutic property of 432 Hz or superiority of binaural beats over music.
- citation Count
- 1
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 1
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 3
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- double
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- citations By Collection
- sound
- 1
- topics
- key
- sound:i
- title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- collection
- sound
- trust Score
- 3
- journal Key
- jpmathejournalofthepakistanmedicalassociation
- journal Label
- JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
- chapter Entries
- title
- Comparing binaural beats and 432 Hz music for reduction of preoperative anxiety in root canal patients: a randomized controlled trial.
- journal
- JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
- year
- 2025
- authors
- Zaki H, Ahmed S, Rehman Qazi FU, Fatima N, Ali YS.
- design
- Double-blind randomized controlled trial
- urls
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- doi
- 10.47391/jpma.21023
- pmid
- 40269359
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Clinical & self-report
- citation Count
- 1
- citation Snapshot
- count
- 1
- source
- Europe PMC
- retrieved At
- 2026-10-26
- url
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- study Design Assessment
- category
- peer-reviewed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- assessed At
- 2026-10-26
- registered Masking Basis
- false
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats or 432 Hz music
- comparator
- White noise and the other active audio condition
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- trial Id
- NCT06349200
- id
- sound-i-pmid-40269359
- record Id
- pmid-40269359
- quotes
- None recorded
- source Pages
- None recorded
- summary
- In 99 root-canal patients, binaural beats and 432 Hz music each reduced preoperative anxiety relative to white noise. Participants and outcome assessors were described as blinded.
- limitation
- The two active audio conditions did not differ significantly. The trial does not demonstrate a unique therapeutic property of 432 Hz or superiority of binaural beats over music.
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 3
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- double
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Reported design checked against the primary publication abstract. Blinding terminology reflects the source report, not an independent risk-of-bias rating.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-10-27
- publication Key
- doi:10.47391/jpma.21023
- collection
- sound
- chapter Number
- 1
- topic Id
- i
- topic Title
- Brain entrainment, pain, anxiety and heart-rate variability
- trust Score
- 3
- evidence
- intervention
- Binaural beats or 432 Hz music
- comparator
- White noise and the other active audio condition
- evidence Type
- Clinical or experimental outcomes
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40269359/ · https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.21023
- checked At
- 2026-10-26
- review Scope
- Primary publication abstract and bibliographic identity checked; comprehensive full-text risk-of-bias and Jadad assessment pending.
- discovery Sources
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40269359
- selection Policy
- Success-focused discovery selection, with material limitations retained; not an exhaustive systematic review.
- trial Id
- NCT06349200
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- id
- anxiety
- evidence
- field
- curated primary-source summary
- text
- In 99 root-canal patients, binaural beats and 432 Hz music each reduced preoperative anxiety relative to white noise. Participants and outcome assessors were described as blinded.
- matched Text
- anxiety
- conditions
anxiety
- topic Trust Scores
3
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false