Brief Interactive Virtual Reality Mindfulness Training with Real-Time Biofeedback for Anxiety Reduction: A Pilot Study
Xu Qiuxia, Gu Yingqi, Hu Xizhe · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · 2025 · Randomised controlled study
Recorded summary
Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
Recorded limitations
Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Randomised controlled study
- assessment
- category
- rct-masking-unclear
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- trust Factor
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40465187/ · https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-11-05
- display Crosses
- 2
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Participant study
- measurement
- Heart-rate variability
- relationship Note
- Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:mindfulness-biofeedback
- title
- Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- pmid-40465187
- doi
- 10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- pmid
- 40465187
- citation Snapshot
- Not recorded
- citations By Collection
- language
- Not recorded
Complete approved library record
- id
- pmid-40465187
- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Brief Interactive Virtual Reality Mindfulness Training with Real-Time Biofeedback for Anxiety Reduction: A Pilot Study
- journal
- Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2025
- authors
- Xu Qiuxia, Gu Yingqi, Hu Xizhe
- design
- Randomised controlled study
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- pmid
- 40465187
- urls
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- collections
language
- categories
Mindfulness and biofeedback
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- limitation
- Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
- citation Count
- Not recorded
- study Design Assessment
- category
- rct-masking-unclear
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40465187/ · https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-11-05
- display Crosses
- 2
- citations By Collection
- language
- Not recorded
- topics
- key
- language:mindfulness-biofeedback
- title
- Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 2
- journal Key
- appliedpsychophysiologyandbiofeedback
- journal Label
- Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
- chapter Entries
- title
- Brief Interactive Virtual Reality Mindfulness Training with Real-Time Biofeedback for Anxiety Reduction: A Pilot Study
- doi
- 10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- pmid
- 40465187
- journal
- Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
- year
- 2025
- authors
- Xu Qiuxia, Gu Yingqi, Hu Xizhe
- design
- Randomised controlled study
- urls
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- targets
- None recorded
- categories
Mindfulness and biofeedback
- citation Count
- Not recorded
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Participant study
- measurement
- Heart-rate variability
- relationship Note
- Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
- id
- language-biofeedback-02
- record Id
- pmid-40465187
- summary
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- limitation
- Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
- quotes
- None recorded
- source Pages
- None recorded
- study Design Assessment
- category
- rct-masking-unclear
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- paper Trust Assessment
- score
- 2
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- blinding
- not-confirmed
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomised to VR, guided audio or no intervention. Fog, sound and visuals responded to HRV. The reported immediate changes motivate an event pilot. The correction concerns corresponding authorship.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40465187/ · https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w
- review Scope
- Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
- assessed At
- 2026-11-05
- display Crosses
- 2
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 2
- topic Id
- mindfulness-biofeedback
- topic Title
- Mindfulness Biofeedback / AR / VR / Mixed Reality
- trust Score
- 2
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Participant study
- measurement
- Heart-rate variability
- relationship Note
- Live HRV drove changes in fog, sound and visuals.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- None recorded
- conditions
- None recorded
- topic Trust Scores
2
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false