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Biological impact of preschool music classes on processing speech in noise

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Original publication

Attributed extracts from the research record

“rats exposed to music shortly after the onset of hearing, for example, demonstrate enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit NR2B protein expression in auditory cortex (Xu et al., 2009), which facilitates the experience-dependent synaptic plasticity that undergirds learning”

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
assessment
Not recorded
trust Factor
score
Not recorded
scope
Paper
status
unassessed
randomized Controlled Trial
Not recorded
blinding
not-confirmed
peer Reviewed
false
basis
Publication-specific design or publication status remains unconfirmed.
sources

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931300042X

review Scope
Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
assessed At
2026-10-27
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
evidence
Not recorded
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    sound:xi
    title
    Music, NMDA receptors and learning
    collection
    sound
    trust Score
    1
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
src-217758559eb4
doi
10.1016/j.dcn.2013.06.003
pmid
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
Not recorded
citations By Collection
sound
87
Complete approved library record
id
src-217758559eb4
publication Key
Not recorded
aliases
None recorded
title
Biological impact of preschool music classes on processing speech in noise
journal
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
Not recorded
authors
design
kind
Source record
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.1016/j.dcn.2013.06.003
urls

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.06.003

collections

sound

categories

Brain & nervous system

targets

NMDA

priority
1
quotes

“rats exposed to music shortly after the onset of hearing, for example, demonstrate enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit NR2B protein expression in auditory cortex (Xu et al., 2009), which facilitates the experience-dependent synaptic plasticity that undergirds learning”

summary
limitation
citation Count
87
paper Trust Assessment
score
Not recorded
scope
Paper
status
unassessed
randomized Controlled Trial
Not recorded
blinding
not-confirmed
peer Reviewed
false
basis
Publication-specific design or publication status remains unconfirmed.
sources

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931300042X

review Scope
Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
assessed At
2026-10-27
citations By Collection
sound
87
topics
  1. key
    sound:xi
    title
    Music, NMDA receptors and learning
    collection
    sound
    trust Score
    1
journal Key
developmentalcognitiveneuroscience
journal Label
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
chapter Entries
  1. id
    xi-src-217758559eb4
    record Id
    src-217758559eb4
    title
    Biological impact of preschool music classes on processing speech in noise
    journal
    Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
    year
    Not recorded
    authors
    design
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.06.003

    quotes
      1. text
        “rats exposed to music shortly after the onset of hearing, for example, demonstrate enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit NR2B protein expression in auditory cortex (Xu et al., 2009), which facilitates the experience-dependent synaptic plasticity that undergirds learning”
        emphasis
        false
    citation Count
    87
    source Pages

    73

    targets

    NMDA

    categories

    Brain & nervous system

    doi
    10.1016/j.dcn.2013.06.003
    pmid
    Not recorded
    paper Trust Assessment
    score
    Not recorded
    scope
    Paper
    status
    unassessed
    randomized Controlled Trial
    Not recorded
    blinding
    not-confirmed
    peer Reviewed
    false
    basis
    Publication-specific design or publication status remains unconfirmed.
    sources

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931300042X

    review Scope
    Existing publication-specific assessments and bibliographic indexing; no blanket full-text appraisal.
    assessed At
    2026-10-27
    collection
    sound
    chapter Number
    3
    topic Id
    xi
    topic Title
    Music, NMDA receptors and learning
    trust Score
    1
jadad
status
unassessed
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
None recorded
conditions
None recorded
topic Trust Scores

1

full Text
status
reuse-review
retrieval Available
false
url
https://pmc-oa-opendata.s3.amazonaws.com/PMC3844086.1/PMC3844086.1.xml?md5=950d7e09cca97da956faed231d7a1e0f
pmcid
PMC3844086
rights
license
TDM
use
Private text mining
public Fulltext Redistribution
false
provider Upload
false
model Training
false
basis
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/tools/pmcaws/
article Rights

© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2013 This file is available for text mining. It may also be used consistent with the principles of fair use under the copyright law.

sha256
fef7e7f3364fa9ca9c363d22741b5b7733ecb2288ea34edb76aa3e41f4c7dc5f
checked At
2026-10-24

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