Universal Informatics · Research reading room

A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.

Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Brewer JL. · BMC psychiatry · 2012 · Review / synthesis

Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication

Recorded summary

Mental-health literacy improved help-seeking attitudes modestly; actual help-seeking behaviour did not improve in the limited evidence available.

Recorded limitations

Search through 2011, few trials and only one study of actual behaviour. Authors' later institutional roles do not establish Black Dog involvement in this publication.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Review / synthesis
assessment
category
review
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
basis
Systematic review of RCTs
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

review Scope
selected-methods
trust Factor
score
1
display Crosses
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
basis
Systematic review of RCTs
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

assessed At
2026-11-02
review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
review Limit
AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
jadad
status
not-applicable
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Review / synthesis
intervention
Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
provider
Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
comparator
See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
sample
Six studies, eight interventions
population
age
17–79 overall; four of six studies had mean under 25
age Fit
mixed-overlap
sample
Six studies, eight interventions
setting
Not separately established; see population/intervention description
community
Not assigned
measurement
Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
trial Id
publication-22799879
trial Registries
None recorded
registry Scope
Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
relationship Note
Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
quality
tier
qualified
qualification
Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
false
jadad Score
Not recorded
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
harms And Attrition
Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
methods Inspected
true
full Text Appraisal Claim
false
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

retrieved At
2026-11-02
Topics and recorded topic scores
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    title
    Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
  2. key
    language:youth-access-connection
    title
    Youth access, digital support and connection
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
youth-pmid-22799879
doi
10.1186/1471-244x-12-81
pmid
22799879
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
lab Relevance
relationship
direct-response
implication
Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake.
transfer Limit
Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
institutions
None recorded
institution Evidence
None recorded
research Topics

Youth needs / digital / access

publication Status
pmid
22799879
checked At
2026-11-02T01:32:40.541751+00:00
pub Types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't · research-article · Systematic Review · Journal Article

indexed Notices
  1. source
    MED
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    reference
    Evid Based Ment Health. 2013 Feb;16(1):14. doi: 10.1136/eb-2012-101070.
    type
    Comment in
    order In
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crossref Updates
None recorded
notice Records
  1. pmid
    23148065
    type
    Comment in
    title
    Review: limited evidence suggests mental health literacy interventions may improve help-seeking attitudes for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
    doi
    10.1136/eb-2012-101070
    pmcid
    Not recorded
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scope
Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
notice Summary
Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
randomized Study Unit Id
Not recorded
publication Approval
status
approved-for-publication
approved By
Ben Korbel
approved At
2026-11-02
assessment
AI assessed; human approved for publication
scope
Approved research summaries for Informatics staging. No clinical peer review, treatment recommendation, partner endorsement or production release is claimed.
source Revision
r1-30691423e761
source Content Hash
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source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
methods Inspected
true
full Text Appraisal Claim
false
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

retrieved At
2026-11-02
study Family Id
publication-22799879
approaches

Youth needs / digital / access

id
youth-pmid-22799879
aliases
None recorded
title
A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
journal
BMC psychiatry
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2012
authors
Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Brewer JL.
design
Review / synthesis
kind
Review
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.1186/1471-244x-12-81
pmid
22799879
urls

https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

collections

language

categories

Methods & context

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
Mental-health literacy improved help-seeking attitudes modestly; actual help-seeking behaviour did not improve in the limited evidence available.
limitation
Search through 2011, few trials and only one study of actual behaviour. Authors' later institutional roles do not establish Black Dog involvement in this publication.
citation Count
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
study Design Assessment
category
review
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
basis
Systematic review of RCTs
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

review Scope
selected-methods
paper Trust Assessment
score
1
display Crosses
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
basis
Systematic review of RCTs
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

assessed At
2026-11-02
review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
review Limit
AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:universal-mind-mobile-lab
    title
    Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
  2. key
    language:youth-access-connection
    title
    Youth access, digital support and connection
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
journal Key
bmcpsychiatry
journal Label
BMC psychiatry
chapter Entries
  1. id
    language-universal-mind-mobile-lab-youth-pmid-22799879
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
    authors
    Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Brewer JL.
    year
    2012
    journal
    BMC psychiatry
    doi
    10.1186/1471-244x-12-81
    pmid
    22799879
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

    collections

    language

    categories

    Methods & context

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions

    anxiety · depression

    condition Evidence
    1. id
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      1. field
        title
        text
        A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
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        A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
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    The existing youth filter includes adolescents and source-defined young people. It does not establish a separate 16–24 estimate.
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    source URL
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    Broad groups describe source-reported populations or review scope. Eligibility and study mean ages are not observed participant ranges; read the reported-age wording.
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    Review
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    Review / synthesis
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    approved-youth-20261102
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    quotes
    None recorded
    finding
    Mental-health literacy improved help-seeking attitudes modestly; actual help-seeking behaviour did not improve in the limited evidence available.
    summary
    Mental-health literacy improved help-seeking attitudes modestly; actual help-seeking behaviour did not improve in the limited evidence available.
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    Search through 2011, few trials and only one study of actual behaviour. Authors' later institutional roles do not establish Black Dog involvement in this publication.
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    Six studies, eight interventions
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    age
    17–79 overall; four of six studies had mean under 25
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    mixed-overlap
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    setting
    Not separately established; see population/intervention description
    community
    Not assigned
    measurement
    Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
    trial Id
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    trial Registries
    None recorded
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    Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
    relationship Note
    Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
    measured Genes
    None recorded
    pathways
    None recorded
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    tier
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    qualification
    Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
    formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
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    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22799879/ · https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244x-12-81 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3464688/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3464688/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1186%2F1471-244x-12-81

    assessed At
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    AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
    jadad
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    Not recorded
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    retrieved At
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    Youth needs / digital / access

    lab Relevance
    relationship
    direct-response
    implication
    Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake.
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    2026-11-02T01:32:40.541751+00:00
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      Review: limited evidence suggests mental health literacy interventions may improve help-seeking attitudes for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
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    Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
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    title
    A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
    authors
    Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Brewer JL.
    year
    2012
    journal
    BMC psychiatry
    doi
    10.1186/1471-244x-12-81
    pmid
    22799879
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    Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
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    institutions
    None recorded
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    Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't · research-article · Systematic Review · Journal Article

    study Family Id
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    population
    age
    17–79 overall; four of six studies had mean under 25
    age Fit
    mixed-overlap
    sample
    Six studies, eight interventions
    setting
    Not separately established; see population/intervention description
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    Mental-health literacy improved help-seeking attitudes modestly; actual help-seeking behaviour did not improve in the limited evidence available.
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    Search through 2011, few trials and only one study of actual behaviour. Authors' later institutional roles do not establish Black Dog involvement in this publication.
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    relationship
    direct-response
    implication
    Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake.
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    Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
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    selected-methods
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      23148065
      type
      Comment in
      title
      Review: limited evidence suggests mental health literacy interventions may improve help-seeking attitudes for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
      doi
      10.1136/eb-2012-101070
      pmcid
      Not recorded
      url
      https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID%3A23148065+AND+SRC%3AMED&format=json&resultType=core
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    scope
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    notice Summary
    Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
    quality
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    trust Score
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  2. id
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    aliases
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    title
    A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
    authors
    Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Brewer JL.
    year
    2012
    journal
    BMC psychiatry
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    citation Count
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    citation Snapshot
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    retrieved At
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    A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
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    year
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    BMC psychiatry
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    Youth needs / digital / access

    institutions
    None recorded
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    publication Type

    Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't · research-article · Systematic Review · Journal Article

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evidence
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Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
provider
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sample
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age
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Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
trial Id
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trial Registries
None recorded
registry Scope
Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
relationship Note
Evaluate completed referrals and care access, rather than assume education or intentions produce treatment uptake. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
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quality
tier
qualified
qualification
Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
false
jadad Score
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masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
harms And Attrition
Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
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source URLs

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retrieved At
2026-11-02
jadad
status
not-applicable
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
  1. id
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    evidence
    1. field
      title
      text
      A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress.
      matched Text
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      text
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conditions

anxiety · depression

topic Trust Scores

3

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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