Universal Informatics · Research reading room

Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.

Li SH, Achilles MR, Werner-Seidler A, Beames JR, Subotic-Kerry M, O'Dea B. · JMIR mental health · 2022 · Review / synthesis

Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication

Recorded summary

Instructions for appropriate use were poorly standardized, and greater usage was not consistently associated with better outcomes.

Recorded limitations

Heterogeneous adherence definitions and limited studies testing outcome associations; CBT-specific evidence does not validate any digital product.

Evidence and provenance

Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.

Study design and assessment
design
Review / synthesis
assessment
category
review
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
basis
Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

review Scope
selected-methods
trust Factor
score
1
display Crosses
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
basis
Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

assessed At
2026-11-02
review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
review Limit
AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
jadad
status
not-applicable
score
Not recorded
evidence
evidence Type
Review / synthesis
intervention
Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
provider
Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
comparator
See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
sample
32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
population
age
12–24, allowing mixed studies with at least 80% in range or justified age inference
age Fit
mixed-overlap
sample
32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
setting
Not separately established; see population/intervention description
community
Not assigned
measurement
Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
trial Id
publication-35976180
trial Registries

CRD42020208668

registry Scope
Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
relationship Note
Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
quality
tier
qualified
qualification
Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
false
jadad Score
Not recorded
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
harms And Attrition
Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
methods Inspected
true
full Text Appraisal Claim
false
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

retrieved At
2026-11-02
Topics and recorded topic scores
  1. key
    language:black-dog-youth
    title
    Black Dog Institute · Youth research
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
  2. key
    language:universal-mind-mobile-lab
    title
    Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
  3. key
    language:youth-access-connection
    title
    Youth access, digital support and connection
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
Citation snapshot and identifiers
id
youth-pmid-35976180
doi
10.2196/37640
pmid
35976180
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
Complete approved library record
lab Relevance
relationship
direct-response
implication
Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges.
transfer Limit
Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
institutions

Black Dog Institute

institution Evidence
  1. institution
    Black Dog Institute
    basis
    Author affiliation in primary indexed metadata or publisher full text
    evidence
    Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia.
research Topics

Youth needs / digital / access

publication Status
pmid
35976180
checked At
2026-11-02T01:32:46.748422+00:00
pub Types

research-article · Review · Journal Article

indexed Notices
None recorded
crossref Updates
None recorded
notice Records
None recorded
scope
Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
notice Summary
Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
randomized Study Unit Id
Not recorded
publication Approval
status
approved-for-publication
approved By
Ben Korbel
approved At
2026-11-02
assessment
AI assessed; human approved for publication
scope
Approved research summaries for Informatics staging. No clinical peer review, treatment recommendation, partner endorsement or production release is claimed.
source Revision
r1-a95f606657e1
source Content Hash
a95f606657e108389763f2a2f75083bc8678ee150c777c958a4b496e722978c1
source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
methods Inspected
true
full Text Appraisal Claim
false
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

retrieved At
2026-11-02
study Family Id
publication-35976180
approaches

Youth needs / digital / access

id
youth-pmid-35976180
aliases
None recorded
title
Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
journal
JMIR mental health
neurotransmitters
None recorded
year
2022
authors
Li SH, Achilles MR, Werner-Seidler A, Beames JR, Subotic-Kerry M, O'Dea B.
design
Review / synthesis
kind
Review
identity Conflict
Not recorded
doi
10.2196/37640
pmid
35976180
urls

https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

collections

language

categories

Methods & context

targets
None recorded
priority
1
quotes
None recorded
summary
Instructions for appropriate use were poorly standardized, and greater usage was not consistently associated with better outcomes.
limitation
Heterogeneous adherence definitions and limited studies testing outcome associations; CBT-specific evidence does not validate any digital product.
citation Count
Not recorded
citation Snapshot
count
Not recorded
source
Not recorded
retrieved At
Not recorded
status
not-assessed
study Design Assessment
category
review
is Randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
basis
Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

review Scope
selected-methods
paper Trust Assessment
score
1
display Crosses
1
scope
Paper
status
assessed
rating Scale
library-trust-factor/1-3
randomized Controlled Trial
false
peer Reviewed
true
blinding
not-applicable
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
basis
Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

assessed At
2026-11-02
review Scope
selected-methods
human Approval
false
review Limit
AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
citations By Collection
language
Not recorded
topics
  1. key
    language:black-dog-youth
    title
    Black Dog Institute · Youth research
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    2
  2. key
    language:universal-mind-mobile-lab
    title
    Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
  3. key
    language:youth-access-connection
    title
    Youth access, digital support and connection
    collection
    language
    trust Score
    3
journal Key
jmirmentalhealth
journal Label
JMIR mental health
chapter Entries
  1. id
    language-black-dog-youth-youth-pmid-35976180
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
    authors
    Li SH, Achilles MR, Werner-Seidler A, Beames JR, Subotic-Kerry M, O'Dea B.
    year
    2022
    journal
    JMIR mental health
    doi
    10.2196/37640
    pmid
    35976180
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    collections

    language

    categories

    Methods & context

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions

    anxiety · depression

    condition Evidence
    1. id
      anxiety
      evidence
      1. field
        title
        text
        Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
        matched Text
        Anxiety
      scope
      Studied topic or reported outcome, including null findings; no diagnosis, benefit or subgroup membership is inferred.
    2. id
      depression
      evidence
      1. field
        title
        text
        Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
        matched Text
        Depression
      scope
      Studied topic or reported outcome, including null findings; no diagnosis, benefit or subgroup membership is inferred.
    age Groups

    adolescents · youth · adults

    age Population
    record Id
    youth-pmid-35976180
    collections

    language

    groups

    adolescents · youth · adults

    reported Ages
    12–24, allowing mixed studies with at least 80% in range or justified age inference
    youth Scope
    included
    youth Source Note
    The existing youth filter includes adolescents and source-defined young people. It does not establish a separate 16–24 estimate.
    age Fit
    mixed-overlap
    source URL
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/
    basis Type
    selected-methods-ai-editorial-assessment
    classification Note
    Broad groups describe source-reported populations or review scope. Eligibility and study mean ages are not observed participant ranges; read the reported-age wording.
    community Matches
    None recorded
    kind
    Review
    design
    Review / synthesis
    origin
    approved-youth-20261102
    priority
    1
    quotes
    None recorded
    finding
    Instructions for appropriate use were poorly standardized, and greater usage was not consistently associated with better outcomes.
    summary
    Instructions for appropriate use were poorly standardized, and greater usage was not consistently associated with better outcomes.
    limitation
    Heterogeneous adherence definitions and limited studies testing outcome associations; CBT-specific evidence does not validate any digital product.
    evidence
    evidence Type
    Review / synthesis
    intervention
    Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
    provider
    Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
    comparator
    See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
    sample
    32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
    population
    age
    12–24, allowing mixed studies with at least 80% in range or justified age inference
    age Fit
    mixed-overlap
    sample
    32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
    setting
    Not separately established; see population/intervention description
    community
    Not assigned
    measurement
    Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
    trial Id
    publication-35976180
    trial Registries

    CRD42020208668

    registry Scope
    Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
    relationship Note
    Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
    measured Genes
    None recorded
    pathways
    None recorded
    quality
    tier
    qualified
    qualification
    Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
    formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
    false
    jadad Score
    Not recorded
    masking Roles
    Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
    harms And Attrition
    Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
    source Access
    scope
    selected-methods
    full Text Cached
    true
    methods Inspected
    true
    full Text Appraisal Claim
    false
    level
    selected-methods
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    retrieved At
    2026-11-02
    study Design Assessment
    category
    review
    is Randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    peer Reviewed
    true
    basis
    Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
    masking Roles
    Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    review Scope
    selected-methods
    paper Trust Assessment
    score
    1
    display Crosses
    1
    scope
    Paper
    status
    assessed
    rating Scale
    library-trust-factor/1-3
    randomized Controlled Trial
    false
    peer Reviewed
    true
    blinding
    not-applicable
    masking Roles
    Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
    basis
    Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
    sources

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    assessed At
    2026-11-02
    review Scope
    selected-methods
    human Approval
    false
    review Limit
    AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
    jadad
    status
    not-applicable
    score
    Not recorded
    citation Count
    Not recorded
    citation Snapshot
    count
    Not recorded
    source
    Not recorded
    retrieved At
    Not recorded
    status
    not-assessed
    publication Approval
    status
    approved-for-publication
    approved By
    Ben Korbel
    approved At
    2026-11-02
    assessment
    AI assessed; human approved for publication
    scope
    Approved research summaries for Informatics staging. No clinical peer review, treatment recommendation, partner endorsement or production release is claimed.
    source Revision
    r1-a95f606657e1
    source Content Hash
    a95f606657e108389763f2a2f75083bc8678ee150c777c958a4b496e722978c1
    source Access
    scope
    selected-methods
    full Text Cached
    true
    methods Inspected
    true
    full Text Appraisal Claim
    false
    level
    selected-methods
    source URLs

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    retrieved At
    2026-11-02
    study Family Id
    publication-35976180
    randomized Study Unit Id
    Not recorded
    institutions

    Black Dog Institute

    institution Evidence
    1. institution
      Black Dog Institute
      basis
      Author affiliation in primary indexed metadata or publisher full text
      evidence
      Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia.
    research Topics

    Youth needs / digital / access

    lab Relevance
    relationship
    direct-response
    implication
    Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges.
    transfer Limit
    Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
    publication Status
    pmid
    35976180
    checked At
    2026-11-02T01:32:46.748422+00:00
    pub Types

    research-article · Review · Journal Article

    indexed Notices
    None recorded
    crossref Updates
    None recorded
    notice Records
    None recorded
    scope
    Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
    notice Summary
    Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
    approaches

    Youth needs / digital / access

    record Id
    youth-pmid-35976180
    source Pages
    None recorded
    assessment Record
    id
    youth-pmid-35976180
    title
    Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
    authors
    Li SH, Achilles MR, Werner-Seidler A, Beames JR, Subotic-Kerry M, O'Dea B.
    year
    2022
    journal
    JMIR mental health
    doi
    10.2196/37640
    pmid
    35976180
    pmcid
    PMC9434387
    trial Registries

    CRD42020208668

    registry Scope
    Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
    collection
    youth-20261102
    topics

    Youth needs / digital / access

    institutions

    Black Dog Institute

    institution Evidence
    1. institution
      Black Dog Institute
      basis
      Author affiliation in primary indexed metadata or publisher full text
      evidence
      Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia.
    publication Type

    research-article · Review · Journal Article

    study Family Id
    publication-35976180
    randomized Study Unit Id
    Not recorded
    existing Repository Matches
    None recorded
    population
    age
    12–24, allowing mixed studies with at least 80% in range or justified age inference
    age Fit
    mixed-overlap
    sample
    32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
    setting
    Not separately established; see population/intervention description
    community
    Not assigned
    intervention
    description And Dose
    Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
    provider
    Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
    comparator
    See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
    design
    description
    Systematic review of digital CBT adherence
    category
    review
    randomization Methods Inspected
    false
    masking
    Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
    double Blinding Verified
    false
    proposed Crosses
    1
    approved Crosses
    Not recorded
    findings
    Instructions for appropriate use were poorly standardized, and greater usage was not consistently associated with better outcomes.
    limitations
    Heterogeneous adherence definitions and limited studies testing outcome associations; CBT-specific evidence does not validate any digital product.
    harms And Attrition
    Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
    lab Relevance
    relationship
    direct-response
    implication
    Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges.
    transfer Limit
    Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
    source Access
    scope
    selected-methods
    full Text Cached
    true
    methods Inspected
    true
    full Text Appraisal Claim
    false
    sources
    1. type
      primary bibliographic record
      url
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02
      sha256
      a21850638908edd279d8638e4aa3ccb99072ac9d3315e15aa94fb42bf8bf2d34
      hash Scope
      normalized Europe PMC core metadata snapshot
    2. type
      publisher DOI
      url
      https://doi.org/10.2196/37640
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02
    3. type
      PMC article
      url
      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02
      access
      Full text cached
    4. type
      full-text-xml
      url
      https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02T01:21:02.216174+00:00
      sha256
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    5. type
      DOI-metadata
      url
      https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02T01:21:03.233860+00:00
      sha256
      01998e63d5f738954cfa207ed60d2024094dc764ba87cef0a0d54c2aec062c18
    publication Status
    pmid
    35976180
    checked At
    2026-11-02T01:32:46.748422+00:00
    pub Types

    research-article · Review · Journal Article

    indexed Notices
    None recorded
    crossref Updates
    None recorded
    notice Records
    None recorded
    scope
    Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
    notice Summary
    Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
    quality
    tier
    qualified
    qualification
    Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
    formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
    false
    jadad Score
    Not recorded
    review Ready
    true
    hold Reason
    Not recorded
    duplicate Of
    Not recorded
    review
    status
    pending
    reviewer
    Not recorded
    approved At
    Not recorded
    decision Scope
    Ben reviews proposed content and release; full medical-paper reading is not required.
    provenance
    Discovered and appraised by AI; pending human content sign-off
    production Eligible
    false
    approved Retrieval Eligible
    false
    selected Corpus References

    youth-pmid-21192795 · youth-pmid-32527236 · youth-pmid-32683737

    reference Scope
    Explicit publisher reference identifiers; citation is not proof of inclusion in a meta-analysis.
    content Hash
    a95f606657e108389763f2a2f75083bc8678ee150c777c958a4b496e722978c1
    revision
    r1-a95f606657e1
    archive Entries
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    6
    topic Id
    black-dog-youth
    topic Title
    Black Dog Institute · Youth research
    trust Score
    2
  2. id
    language-universal-mind-mobile-lab-youth-pmid-35976180
    aliases
    None recorded
    title
    Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
    authors
    Li SH, Achilles MR, Werner-Seidler A, Beames JR, Subotic-Kerry M, O'Dea B.
    year
    2022
    journal
    JMIR mental health
    doi
    10.2196/37640
    pmid
    35976180
    urls

    https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

    collections

    language

    categories

    Methods & context

    targets
    None recorded
    neurotransmitters
    None recorded
    conditions

    anxiety · depression

    condition Evidence
    1. id
      anxiety
      evidence
      1. field
        title
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    title
    Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
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    Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
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    4. type
      full-text-xml
      url
      https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02T01:21:02.216174+00:00
      sha256
      8dc7cca156c11bd777b367c3f256c3a0ed1358d5e50167c895390c278f62c755
    5. type
      DOI-metadata
      url
      https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640
      retrieved At
      2026-11-02T01:21:03.233860+00:00
      sha256
      01998e63d5f738954cfa207ed60d2024094dc764ba87cef0a0d54c2aec062c18
    publication Status
    pmid
    35976180
    checked At
    2026-11-02T01:32:46.748422+00:00
    pub Types

    research-article · Review · Journal Article

    indexed Notices
    None recorded
    crossref Updates
    None recorded
    notice Records
    None recorded
    scope
    Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
    notice Summary
    Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
    quality
    tier
    qualified
    qualification
    Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
    formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
    false
    jadad Score
    Not recorded
    review Ready
    true
    hold Reason
    Not recorded
    duplicate Of
    Not recorded
    review
    status
    pending
    reviewer
    Not recorded
    approved At
    Not recorded
    decision Scope
    Ben reviews proposed content and release; full medical-paper reading is not required.
    provenance
    Discovered and appraised by AI; pending human content sign-off
    production Eligible
    false
    approved Retrieval Eligible
    false
    selected Corpus References

    youth-pmid-21192795 · youth-pmid-32527236 · youth-pmid-32683737

    reference Scope
    Explicit publisher reference identifiers; citation is not proof of inclusion in a meta-analysis.
    content Hash
    a95f606657e108389763f2a2f75083bc8678ee150c777c958a4b496e722978c1
    revision
    r1-a95f606657e1
    archive Entries
    None recorded
    collection
    language
    chapter Number
    6
    topic Id
    youth-access-connection
    topic Title
    Youth access, digital support and connection
    trust Score
    3
evidence
evidence Type
Review / synthesis
intervention
Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
provider
Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
comparator
See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
sample
32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
population
age
12–24, allowing mixed studies with at least 80% in range or justified age inference
age Fit
mixed-overlap
sample
32 manuscripts representing 28 studies, 16578 youth
setting
Not separately established; see population/intervention description
community
Not assigned
measurement
Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
trial Id
publication-35976180
trial Registries

CRD42020208668

registry Scope
Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
relationship Note
Define meaningful use clearly and measure benefit, not just log-ins or completion badges. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
measured Genes
None recorded
pathways
None recorded
quality
tier
qualified
qualification
Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
false
jadad Score
Not recorded
masking Roles
Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
harms And Attrition
Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
source Access
scope
selected-methods
full Text Cached
true
methods Inspected
true
full Text Appraisal Claim
false
level
selected-methods
source URLs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35976180/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/37640 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434387/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9434387/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F37640

retrieved At
2026-11-02
jadad
status
not-applicable
score
Not recorded
condition Evidence
  1. id
    anxiety
    evidence
    1. field
      title
      text
      Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
      matched Text
      Anxiety
    scope
    Studied topic or reported outcome, including null findings; no diagnosis, benefit or subgroup membership is inferred.
  2. id
    depression
    evidence
    1. field
      title
      text
      Appropriate Use and Operationalization of Adherence to Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Systematic Review.
      matched Text
      Depression
    scope
    Studied topic or reported outcome, including null findings; no diagnosis, benefit or subgroup membership is inferred.
conditions

anxiety · depression

topic Trust Scores

2 · 3

full Text
status
not-indexed
retrieval Available
false

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