The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
Engel L, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Cagliarini D, D'Alfonso S, Faller J, Valentine L, Koval P, Bendall S, O'Sullivan S, Rice S, Miles C, Penn DL, Phillips J, Russon P, Lederman R, Killackey E, Lal S, Maree Cotton S, Gonzalez-Blanch C, Herrman H, McGorry PD, Gleeson JFM, Mihalopoulos C. · Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024 · Randomized controlled trial report · single masked role verified
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
Lower estimated healthcare/societal costs; clinical social-function and QALY differences not statistically significant. QALY point estimate lower with Horyzons.
Recorded limitations
Economic conclusions depend on costing and uptake assumptions, missing data and specialised service context; engagement associations not causal. Not a new trial.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Randomized controlled trial report · single masked role verified
- assessment
- category
- single-blind-rct
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Economic evaluation alongside randomised trial
- masking Roles
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- review Scope
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- trust Factor
- score
- 2
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- 2
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- Paper
- status
- assessed
- rating Scale
- library-trust-factor/1-3
- randomized Controlled Trial
- true
- peer Reviewed
- true
- blinding
- single
- masking Roles
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- basis
- Economic evaluation alongside randomised trial
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- assessed At
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- false
- review Limit
- AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Randomized controlled trial report · single masked role verified
- intervention
- 18-month Horyzons plus usual care versus usual care
- provider
- Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
- comparator
- See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
- sample
- Same 170 Horyzons participants
- population
- age
- 16–27; mean 20.91
- age Fit
- mixed-overlap
- sample
- Same 170 Horyzons participants
- setting
- Not separately established; see population/intervention description
- community
- Not assigned
- measurement
- Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
- trial Id
- horyzons-actrn12614000009617
- trial Registries
- None recorded
- registry Scope
- Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
- relationship Note
- Include costs and service use in lab evaluation; do not transfer Horyzons savings estimates to new physical labs. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- quality
- tier
- qualified
- qualification
- Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
- formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
- false
- jadad Score
- Not recorded
- masking Roles
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- harms And Attrition
- Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
- source Access
- scope
- selected-methods
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- true
- methods Inspected
- true
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- false
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- retrieved At
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Topics and recorded topic scores
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- 2
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- language:universal-mind-mobile-lab
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- 3
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- title
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Citation snapshot and identifiers
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- youth-pmid-37261464
- doi
- 10.1093/schbul/sbad071
- pmid
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- citation Snapshot
- count
- Not recorded
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- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
- status
- not-assessed
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- language
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Complete approved library record
- lab Relevance
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- implication
- Include costs and service use in lab evaluation; do not transfer Horyzons savings estimates to new physical labs.
- transfer Limit
- Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- institutions
Orygen
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- evidence
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- checked At
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- pub Types
research-article · Randomized Controlled Trial · Journal Article
- indexed Notices
- None recorded
- crossref Updates
- None recorded
- notice Records
- None recorded
- scope
- Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
- notice Summary
- Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
- randomized Study Unit Id
- horyzons-actrn12614000009617
- publication Approval
- status
- approved-for-publication
- approved By
- Ben Korbel
- approved At
- 2026-11-02
- assessment
- AI assessed; human approved for publication
- scope
- Approved research summaries for Informatics staging. No clinical peer review, treatment recommendation, partner endorsement or production release is claimed.
- source Revision
- r1-2fc3b3a0151e
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- retrieved At
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- study Family Id
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Youth needs / digital / access
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- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
- journal
- Schizophrenia bulletin
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2024
- authors
- Engel L, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Cagliarini D, D'Alfonso S, Faller J, Valentine L, Koval P, Bendall S, O'Sullivan S, Rice S, Miles C, Penn DL, Phillips J, Russon P, Lederman R, Killackey E, Lal S, Maree Cotton S, Gonzalez-Blanch C, Herrman H, McGorry PD, Gleeson JFM, Mihalopoulos C.
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- pmid
- 37261464
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https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- collections
language
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Clinical & self-report
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- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- Lower estimated healthcare/societal costs; clinical social-function and QALY differences not statistically significant. QALY point estimate lower with Horyzons.
- limitation
- Economic conclusions depend on costing and uptake assumptions, missing data and specialised service context; engagement associations not causal. Not a new trial.
- citation Count
- Not recorded
- citation Snapshot
- count
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- masking Roles
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- review Scope
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
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- title
- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
- authors
- Engel L, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Cagliarini D, D'Alfonso S, Faller J, Valentine L, Koval P, Bendall S, O'Sullivan S, Rice S, Miles C, Penn DL, Phillips J, Russon P, Lederman R, Killackey E, Lal S, Maree Cotton S, Gonzalez-Blanch C, Herrman H, McGorry PD, Gleeson JFM, Mihalopoulos C.
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psychosis
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- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
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- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
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- Engel L, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Cagliarini D, D'Alfonso S, Faller J, Valentine L, Koval P, Bendall S, O'Sullivan S, Rice S, Miles C, Penn DL, Phillips J, Russon P, Lederman R, Killackey E, Lal S, Maree Cotton S, Gonzalez-Blanch C, Herrman H, McGorry PD, Gleeson JFM, Mihalopoulos C.
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- Include costs and service use in lab evaluation; do not transfer Horyzons savings estimates to new physical labs.
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- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
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- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
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- youth-pmid-37261464
- title
- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
- authors
- Engel L, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Cagliarini D, D'Alfonso S, Faller J, Valentine L, Koval P, Bendall S, O'Sullivan S, Rice S, Miles C, Penn DL, Phillips J, Russon P, Lederman R, Killackey E, Lal S, Maree Cotton S, Gonzalez-Blanch C, Herrman H, McGorry PD, Gleeson JFM, Mihalopoulos C.
- year
- 2024
- journal
- Schizophrenia bulletin
- doi
- 10.1093/schbul/sbad071
- pmid
- 37261464
- pmcid
- PMC10919787
- trial Registries
- None recorded
- registry Scope
- Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
- collection
- youth-20261102
- topics
Youth needs / digital / access
- institutions
Orygen
- institution Evidence
- institution
- Orygen
- basis
- Author affiliation in primary indexed metadata or publisher full text
- evidence
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- publication Type
research-article · Randomized Controlled Trial · Journal Article
- study Family Id
- horyzons-actrn12614000009617
- randomized Study Unit Id
- horyzons-actrn12614000009617
- existing Repository Matches
- None recorded
- population
- age
- 16–27; mean 20.91
- age Fit
- mixed-overlap
- sample
- Same 170 Horyzons participants
- setting
- Not separately established; see population/intervention description
- community
- Not assigned
- intervention
- description And Dose
- 18-month Horyzons plus usual care versus usual care
- provider
- Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
- comparator
- See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
- design
- description
- Economic evaluation alongside randomised trial
- category
- randomized-report
- randomization Methods Inspected
- true
- masking
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- double Blinding Verified
- false
- proposed Crosses
- 2
- approved Crosses
- Not recorded
- findings
- Lower estimated healthcare/societal costs; clinical social-function and QALY differences not statistically significant. QALY point estimate lower with Horyzons.
- limitations
- Economic conclusions depend on costing and uptake assumptions, missing data and specialised service context; engagement associations not causal. Not a new trial.
- harms And Attrition
- Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
- lab Relevance
- relationship
- inspired-by
- implication
- Include costs and service use in lab evaluation; do not transfer Horyzons savings estimates to new physical labs.
- transfer Limit
- Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- source Access
- scope
- selected-methods
- full Text Cached
- true
- methods Inspected
- true
- full Text Appraisal Claim
- false
- sources
- type
- primary bibliographic record
- url
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02
- sha256
- 611cc4c4fc7c3592a72a3bdf24923227d8f112e207055f7efb6da88748df4de2
- hash Scope
- normalized Europe PMC core metadata snapshot
- type
- publisher DOI
- url
- https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02
- type
- PMC article
- url
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02
- access
- Full text cached
- type
- full-text-xml
- url
- https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02T00:58:59.221281+00:00
- sha256
- bfb7d1b92aafa53839742d9d0c0d556f09bdc287b8728b3a6d56e34b23b9dd3b
- type
- DOI-metadata
- url
- https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02T00:59:00.287452+00:00
- sha256
- 46d9a2e7e9bdcb3a0eab5c5fd3d301d38ace490f4e272f55c1e02ee48ed78180
- publication Status
- pmid
- 37261464
- checked At
- 2026-11-02T01:32:46.757854+00:00
- pub Types
research-article · Randomized Controlled Trial · Journal Article
- indexed Notices
- None recorded
- crossref Updates
- None recorded
- notice Records
- None recorded
- scope
- Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
- notice Summary
- Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
- quality
- tier
- qualified
- qualification
- Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
- formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
- false
- jadad Score
- Not recorded
- review Ready
- true
- hold Reason
- Not recorded
- duplicate Of
- Not recorded
- review
- status
- pending
- reviewer
- Not recorded
- approved At
- Not recorded
- decision Scope
- Ben reviews proposed content and release; full medical-paper reading is not required.
- provenance
- Discovered and appraised by AI; pending human content sign-off
- production Eligible
- false
- approved Retrieval Eligible
- false
- selected Corpus References
- None recorded
- reference Scope
- Explicit publisher reference identifiers; citation is not proof of inclusion in a meta-analysis.
- content Hash
- 2fc3b3a0151e2944eb9bdfb14329242f86ad6a0cebd1a15af1f4caa1f27b8dd4
- revision
- r1-2fc3b3a0151e
- archive Entries
- None recorded
- collection
- language
- chapter Number
- 6
- topic Id
- youth-access-connection
- topic Title
- Youth access, digital support and connection
- trust Score
- 3
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Randomized controlled trial report · single masked role verified
- intervention
- 18-month Horyzons plus usual care versus usual care
- provider
- Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
- comparator
- See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
- sample
- Same 170 Horyzons participants
- population
- age
- 16–27; mean 20.91
- age Fit
- mixed-overlap
- sample
- Same 170 Horyzons participants
- setting
- Not separately established; see population/intervention description
- community
- Not assigned
- measurement
- Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
- trial Id
- horyzons-actrn12614000009617
- trial Registries
- None recorded
- registry Scope
- Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
- relationship Note
- Include costs and service use in lab evaluation; do not transfer Horyzons savings estimates to new physical labs. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- quality
- tier
- qualified
- qualification
- Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
- formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
- false
- jadad Score
- Not recorded
- masking Roles
- Parent trial single-blind; economic paper confirms computer randomisation, not double masking.
- harms And Attrition
- Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
- source Access
- scope
- selected-methods
- full Text Cached
- true
- methods Inspected
- true
- full Text Appraisal Claim
- false
- level
- selected-methods
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261464/ · https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad071 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10919787/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10919787/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1093%2Fschbul%2Fsbad071
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02
- jadad
- status
- unassessed
- score
- Not recorded
- condition Evidence
- id
- psychosis
- evidence
- field
- title
- text
- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.
- matched Text
- Psychosis
- scope
- Studied topic or reported outcome, including null findings; no diagnosis, benefit or subgroup membership is inferred.
- conditions
psychosis
- topic Trust Scores
2 · 3
- full Text
- status
- not-indexed
- retrieval Available
- false