Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Walder N, Frey A, Berger T, Schmidt SJ. · Journal of medical Internet research · 2025 · Systematic review / meta-analysis
Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication · Original publication
Recorded summary
Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
Recorded limitations
Only three studies rated low risk of bias, heterogeneity and variable adherence. Cross-study guidance comparisons are not randomized proof that guidance causes superior outcomes.
Evidence and provenance
Chapter Trust Factor uses a minimum of three distinct qualifying studies. Publication records retain their own evidence and assessment.
Study design and assessment
- design
- Systematic review / meta-analysis
- assessment
- category
- review
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- false
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs
- masking Roles
- Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- review Scope
- selected-methods
- trust Factor
- score
- 1
- display Crosses
- 1
- scope
- Paper
- status
- assessed
- rating Scale
- library-trust-factor/1-3
- randomized Controlled Trial
- false
- peer Reviewed
- true
- blinding
- not-applicable
- masking Roles
- Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
- basis
- Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- assessed At
- 2026-11-02
- review Scope
- selected-methods
- human Approval
- false
- review Limit
- AI source-based design assessment; human content sign-off is recorded separately.
- jadad
- status
- not-applicable
- score
- Not recorded
- evidence
- evidence Type
- Systematic review / meta-analysis
- intervention
- Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
- provider
- Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
- comparator
- See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
- sample
- 22 studies, 21 pooled
- population
- age
- Eligible mean age under 25, including children
- age Fit
- mixed-overlap
- sample
- 22 studies, 21 pooled
- setting
- Not separately established; see population/intervention description
- community
- Not assigned
- measurement
- Specific outcomes are reported in the finding and retained appraisal.
- trial Id
- publication-40504611
- trial Registries
CRD42023424181
- registry Scope
- Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
- relationship Note
- Offer accessible, supported routes into evidence-based treatment; general lab participation is not social-anxiety therapy. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- quality
- tier
- qualified
- qualification
- Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
- formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
- false
- jadad Score
- Not recorded
- masking Roles
- Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
- harms And Attrition
- Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
- source Access
- scope
- selected-methods
- full Text Cached
- true
- methods Inspected
- true
- full Text Appraisal Claim
- false
- level
- selected-methods
- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- retrieved At
- 2026-11-02
Topics and recorded topic scores
- key
- language:universal-mind-mobile-lab
- title
- Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 3
- key
- language:youth-access-connection
- title
- Youth access, digital support and connection
- collection
- language
- trust Score
- 3
Citation snapshot and identifiers
- id
- youth-pmid-40504611
- doi
- 10.2196/67067
- pmid
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- citation Snapshot
- count
- Not recorded
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- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
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- not-assessed
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- language
- Not recorded
Complete approved library record
- lab Relevance
- relationship
- inspired-by
- implication
- Offer accessible, supported routes into evidence-based treatment; general lab participation is not social-anxiety therapy.
- transfer Limit
- Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- institutions
- None recorded
- institution Evidence
- None recorded
- research Topics
Youth needs / digital / access
- publication Status
- pmid
- 40504611
- checked At
- 2026-11-02T01:32:46.777484+00:00
- pub Types
Meta-Analysis · Systematic Review · review-article · Journal Article
- indexed Notices
- None recorded
- crossref Updates
- None recorded
- notice Records
- None recorded
- scope
- Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
- notice Summary
- Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
- randomized Study Unit Id
- Not recorded
- publication Approval
- status
- approved-for-publication
- approved By
- Ben Korbel
- approved At
- 2026-11-02
- assessment
- AI assessed; human approved for publication
- scope
- Approved research summaries for Informatics staging. No clinical peer review, treatment recommendation, partner endorsement or production release is claimed.
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- true
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- false
- level
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- source URLs
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- retrieved At
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- study Family Id
- publication-40504611
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Youth needs / digital / access
- id
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- aliases
- None recorded
- title
- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- journal
- Journal of medical Internet research
- neurotransmitters
- None recorded
- year
- 2025
- authors
- Walder N, Frey A, Berger T, Schmidt SJ.
- design
- Systematic review / meta-analysis
- kind
- Review
- identity Conflict
- Not recorded
- doi
- 10.2196/67067
- pmid
- 40504611
- urls
https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- collections
language
- categories
Methods & context
- targets
- None recorded
- priority
- 1
- quotes
- None recorded
- summary
- Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
- limitation
- Only three studies rated low risk of bias, heterogeneity and variable adherence. Cross-study guidance comparisons are not randomized proof that guidance causes superior outcomes.
- citation Count
- Not recorded
- citation Snapshot
- count
- Not recorded
- source
- Not recorded
- retrieved At
- Not recorded
- status
- not-assessed
- study Design Assessment
- category
- review
- is Randomized Controlled Trial
- false
- peer Reviewed
- true
- basis
- Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs
- masking Roles
- Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
- sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- review Scope
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- status
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- randomized Controlled Trial
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- basis
- Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- assessed At
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- title
- Universal Mind Mobile Lab · Direct response and inspired by
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- title
- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- authors
- Walder N, Frey A, Berger T, Schmidt SJ.
- year
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- Journal of medical Internet research
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- pmid
- 40504611
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https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- collections
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Methods & context
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- None recorded
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anxiety
- condition Evidence
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- text
- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
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- Anxiety
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- text
- Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
- matched Text
- anxiety
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- age Fit
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- finding
- Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
- summary
- Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
- limitation
- Only three studies rated low risk of bias, heterogeneity and variable adherence. Cross-study guidance comparisons are not randomized proof that guidance causes superior outcomes.
- evidence
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- Systematic review / meta-analysis
- intervention
- Not applicable or not established from inspected sections
- provider
- Not separately established; clinician/teacher/app details, if known, are retained in the intervention description
- comparator
- See design/intervention description; otherwise unknown
- sample
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- age Fit
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- measurement
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- trial Id
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- Identifiers explicitly reported in article abstract; other registrations remain unverified
- relationship Note
- Offer accessible, supported routes into evidence-based treatment; general lab participation is not social-anxiety therapy. Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
- measured Genes
- None recorded
- pathways
- None recorded
- quality
- tier
- qualified
- qualification
- Qualified for the stated design-specific use in a rapid methods-based review, not necessarily low risk of bias or high certainty.
- formal Risk Of Bias Tool Applied
- false
- jadad Score
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- masking Roles
- Not applicable or not established from inspected methods; no masking inferred
- harms And Attrition
- Not systematically extracted beyond findings/limitations; absence of reporting is not evidence of no harm
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- approved At
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Youth needs / digital / access
- lab Relevance
- relationship
- inspired-by
- implication
- Offer accessible, supported routes into evidence-based treatment; general lab participation is not social-anxiety therapy.
- transfer Limit
- Component evidence does not establish efficacy of the combined Universal Mind lab model.
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- notice Records
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- scope
- Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
- notice Summary
- Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
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Youth needs / digital / access
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- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
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- Walder N, Frey A, Berger T, Schmidt SJ.
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- Journal of medical Internet research
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Youth needs / digital / access
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Meta-Analysis · Systematic Review · review-article · Journal Article
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- age Fit
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- Digital social-anxiety interventions showed a moderate pooled effect, especially versus waitlist; guided and disorder-specific subgroups had larger estimates.
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- lab Relevance
- relationship
- inspired-by
- implication
- Offer accessible, supported routes into evidence-based treatment; general lab participation is not social-anxiety therapy.
- transfer Limit
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- None recorded
- notice Records
- None recorded
- scope
- Europe PMC indexed publication types/linked notices, publisher JATS related articles and Crossref update-to metadata; absence is not a guarantee of no notice.
- notice Summary
- Indexed related notices are retained below; no retraction identified in this bounded metadata check. This is not an exhaustive guarantee.
- quality
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- trust Score
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- aliases
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- title
- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- authors
- Walder N, Frey A, Berger T, Schmidt SJ.
- year
- 2025
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- Journal of medical Internet research
- doi
- 10.2196/67067
- pmid
- 40504611
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https://doi.org/10.2196/67067 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40504611/ · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12203032/ · https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12203032/fullTextXML · https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2196%2F67067
- collections
language
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Methods & context
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anxiety
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- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
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- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
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